自助采样传递检测HIV抗体模式应用研究

目的 探索新的艾滋病病毒（human immunodeficiency virus,HIV）抗体检测模式,为提高检测主动性、更大范围促进HIV抗体传递检测提供可推广的经验。方法 以专用尿液采集管、干血斑滤纸片作为传递载体,分别采集尿液和干血斑,依靠物流或志愿者传送采集样本到专业实验室。分别针对尿液HIV-1/2抗体和干血斑HIV-1/2抗体的诊断试剂盒（酶联免疫法）检测,检测结果上传至网站,求询者通过序列码在移动终端查询结果和咨询。结果 暗娼人群中回收干血斑和尿液各293人份,回收率97.67%,干血斑、尿液检测结果与确证结果的一致率分别为98.98%（290/293）和98.29%（289/293）;男男性行为人群（men have sex with men,MSM）中回收检测包1 595人份,回收率63.8%,干血斑传递检测HIV结果与快速自检结果的一致率为99.81%（1 586/1 589）;大学生人群中回收尿液样本180份,阳性检出率为4.4%。通过分析网络查询结果记录,男男性行为人群平均查询次数为1.2次,最高查询次数为26次;大学生平均查询次数为3.5次,最高查询次数为46次。结论 尿液和干血斑采集可以作为HIV抗体检测的样本,并且传递检测可作为一种新模式推广应用。

Study on the application of self-service sampling deliver for HIV antibody test

Objective To investigate a new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody test model, and we improve the test initiative and promote the HIV antibody deliver test in a wider range. Methods Special urine collection tube and dried blood-spot(DBS) were used as the sample carriers to collect urine and blood respectively. The urine and dry blood spot were delivered to the laboratory for urine HIV-1/2 antibody and dry blood spot HIV-1/2 antibody testing by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay respectively, results were uploaded to the website, the results and consultation were inquired from the mobile terminal by the serial code. Results Totally 293 dry blood spots and 293 urine samples were collected from female sex workers, the collected rate was 97.67%, the consistency with confirmed results of dried blood-spot and urine was 98.98% (290/293 ) and 98.29% (289/293) respectively. And 1 595 samples were collected from MSM, the collected rate was 63.8%, the consistency of dried blood-spot and self-testing was 99.81% (1 586/1 589). 180 urine samples were collected from college students, the positive rate was 4.4%. By analyzing the records of query results on the internet, the average number of queries for MSM was 1.2, the highest number was 26; The average number of queries for college students was 3.5, the highest number was 46. Conclusion Urine and dried blood-spot can be used as samples for HIV antibody test, and deliver test can be widely implemented.