北京市350名职业人员睡眠质量和情绪调节的认知策略调查

目的 了解受过高等教育职员的睡眠质量及其所采用的情绪调节认知策略.方法 采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)问卷、失眠严重指数(ISI)问卷、简式简明心境问卷(POMS-SF)和认知情绪调节问卷(CERQ),对采取整群随机抽样法抽取的北京市6所单位的350名大专以上在职人员的睡眠质量与情绪调节策略进行调查.结果 (1)98例(28%)存在睡眠质量问题(PSQI≥7分),146例(41.7%)日常状态受失眠影响(ISI＞7分);(2)遭遇负性生活事件后,在所有受访人员中使用频率最高的3种情绪调节策略依次为积极重新评价、重新关注计划、积极重新关注;(3)在情绪调节认知策略的灾难化维度上,主观不失眠组(ISI≤7分)得分(34.21±12.85)分,低于轻度失眠组(7分＜ISI≤14分)[(39.62±15.02)分]与中重度失眠组(ISI≥15分)[(41.48±11.25)分],差异有统计学意义(t=3.466,P=0.001;t=2.625,P=0.009);在沉浸维度上,主观不失眠组得分(46.43±12.78)分,低于轻度失眠组[(49.92±13.55)分]与中重度失眠组[(51.67±11.44)分],差异有统计学意义(t=2.332,P=0.020;t=1.974,P=0.049).结论 受访职员睡眠质量问题及主观失眠现象较多见,多能运用积极认知策略调节情绪;主观失眠组职员有更多灾难化、沉浸的消极认知策略的运用.

Sleep quality and cognitive emotion regulation strategies in occupational persons

Objective To investigate the sleep quality and the cognitive emotion regulation strategies of highly educated professionals. Methods Totally 350 adults from different units in Beijing completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ( PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index ( ISI), Profile of Mood States-Short Form (POMS-SF) and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Results ( 1 ) Among these adults, 98 ( 28% ) had sleep problems ( PSQI ≥ 7 ), 146 ( 41.7% ) were influenced by insomnia. (2) After encountering negative events in daily life, the strategies frequently used by these 350 adults included positive reappraisal, refocusing on planning and positive refocusing. (3) There are significant difference between those three groups in different ISI degree on the dimensions of catastrophizing and rumination. Specifically, sleep good group (ISI ≤ 7 ) is significant lower than mild insomnia group (7 ＜ ISI≤14)and severe insomnia group( ISI ≥ 15 ) at the mean score of catastrophizing ( t = 3.466, P =0.001; t = 2.625, P = 0.009 ) and mean score of rumination ( t = 2.332, P = 0.020; t = 1.974, P = 0.049 ).Conclusions The results suggest there be much sleep quality problem and subjective insomnia in these staff members. In face of negative life events, these staff usually use positive strategies to regulate their emotion, and those people affected by insomnia frequently use the strategies of rumination and catastrophizing more than those who are not suffered insomnia.