人工腰椎间盘植入后椎体应力分布的比较研究

目的 通过三维有限元的方法研究正常腰椎间盘、髓核摘除术后腰椎间盘、人工腰椎间盘3组椎体的应力分布,探讨人工腰椎间盘植入对椎体应力分布的影响。方法 利用有限元软件MSC．MARK,建立正常腰椎间盘、髓核摘除、人工腰椎间盘及L4-5运动节段的三维模型,然后模拟腰椎节段的运动,进行椎体应力分布的比较研究。结果 人工腰椎间盘植入后在各种运动状态下椎体松质骨的应力水平显著低于正常腰椎间盘及髓核摘除术后腰椎间盘,且应力呈均布状态,但髓核摘除后椎体松质骨的应力水平较正常腰椎间盘组有所提高,并且在不同运动状态下应力的分布状态有所不同,前屈时,应力集中于椎体松质骨的前部,后伸时集中于椎体松质骨的后部,右侧弯时集中于椎体松质骨的右侧,压缩、旋转时,应力较为均布。结论 从人工腰椎间盘植入对椎体的生物力学影响来看,用人工腰椎间盘置换术重建椎间盘的功能是合理的。

Comparative study of vertebral body stress distribution following insertion of artificial lumbar intervertebral disc

Objective To study vertebral body stress distribution of normal disc, post-discoectomy and artificial disk respectively by 3-D finite element methods, and to explore artificial intervertebral disk insertion impact on stress distribution of vertebral body. Methods Models of normal disk, post-discoectomy , artificial disk and L4-5 motion segment were established by using finite element software MSC. MARK, then vertebral body stress was analyzed through model of L4-5 motion segment respectively. Results The vertebral body's stress was the smallest after insertion of artificial intervertebral disk (AID) , and its stress distributed equally. But the stress under post-discectomy was bigger than the normal disc's in all the motion state. On the other hand, the stress distribution state of the post-discectomy changed while the spine were in different motion state, during the spine flexion, the stress in the anterior of vertebral body was the biggest;While extension, in the posterior and in right flexion state, the biggest stress was in the right. While vertical compression and rotation, the stress distributed equally. Conclusion The results illustrate that the vertebral body's stress is the smallest after insertion of AID in 3 groups of all motion state, and its stress distributes equally. But the level of vertebral body stress increases after discectomy comparing with the normal group. In generally, it is much more reasonable that the disc is reconstructed with AID because of the biomechanical effect on vertebral body made by AID insertion.