云锡矿工肺癌病因的干预性流行病学研究

本文按干预性流行病学原则,用队列方法研究了“砷、氡”引起矿工肺癌的假说。矿方为了预防尘肺,于50年代中期开始采用了湿式作业,井下砷的平均浓度由70年代的平均浓度0.29mg/m~3,下降到80年代的0.010mg/m~3;肺癌发病粗率也由50年代的160/10万,下降到80年代的20/10万。同期氡子体一直保持?较高水平。工人受氡子体辐射的累积剂量,平均为409WLM,超出发生肺癌的剂量3倍。所获得的干预法剂量-反应关系提示,砷与肺癌呈明显的因果关系,而氡子体的作用在100WML水平未显出联系。

Interventional Epidemiological Studies on Etiology of Worker Lung Cancer in the Mine

Using the methods of interventional epid-emiology, a cohort study was conducted on tinminers to verify the hypothesis of lung canc-er induced by arsenic or radon. In order to prevent pneumoconiosis, wetdrilling was introduced into mine since mid-die of 1950s. The average underground airconcentration of arsenic dropped from 0.29mg/m~3 for 1950s to 0.01mg/m~3 for 1980s withdecreasing of arsenic exposure, the incidenceof lung cancer decreased from 150/10~5t020/10~5respectively. For the same period, radon co-ncentration of underground air kept high leveland the average accumulated dose of radon forthe exposed miners was 400 WLM,which was3 times than the dose of causing long cancer. The results of this study demonstrated that there was cause response relaiionshipbetween arsenic concentrations and incidenceof lung cancer, but no such relationship bet-ween radon concentrations and incidence oflung cancer.