新布尼亚病毒感染致发热伴血小板减少综合征的危险因素分析

目的探讨新布尼亚病毒感染致发热伴血小板减少综合征发病的危险因素。方法采用1∶2配对的病例-对照研究,对40例病例和80例对照进行问卷调查,同时采集患者血清标本,应用荧光RT-PCR和IgM、IgG抗体试剂盒检测新布尼亚病毒核酸及抗体。采用条件Logistic回归分析发病的危险因素。结果病例组农民占90.00%(36/40),显著高于对照组62.50%(50/80)(P<0.01)。病例组暴露于养狗、养猫、养牛、家禽养殖、生活区周围有蜱、病前1月被蜱叮咬、从事田间作业、工作区及住宅周围有杂草灌木的风险显著高于对照组(OR值均大于1,P值均小于0.05)。多因素分析表明,在调整了性别、年龄、民族和职业因素后,生活区周围有蜱(OR=5.44, P<0.01)是新布尼亚病毒感染致发热伴血小板减少综合征发病的危险因素。结论不同形式的蜱暴露为新布尼亚病毒感染致发热伴血小板减少综合征的危险因素。

Risk factors of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) infected by SFTSV

To explore the risk factors of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) infected by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (SFTSV), 1∶2 matched case-control study was used in this study. Questionnaires and serum were collected from 40 cases and 80 controls. SFTSV was tested using fluorescent RT-PCR and antibody reagent kits. The risk factors of SFTS were selected by conditional logistic regression. The proportion of farmers in case group was 90.00% (36/40) and significantly higher than that in control group (50/80), P value was less than 0.05. The risk of exposure to dog, cat, cattle, poultry, living areas surround by ticks, tick bites, engaging in the field work, work and living areas surrounded by weeds and shrubs in case group was higher than that in control group, all odd ratios were more than 1.00 and P values were less than 0.05. Multi-factors analysis showed that, after adjusted for gender, age, nations and occupations, presence of ticks in living area (OR=5.44, P<0.01) was the risk factor of SFTS. The exposure to ticks may be the risk factor of SFTS.