幽门螺杆菌致胃癌相关因素研究进展

幽门螺杆菌已被世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构列为胃癌的第一类致癌物.虽然全世界超过半数人口感染幽门螺杆菌,但最终发展为胃腺癌者仅占感染人群的1％～3％.近年来的观点认为,胃癌是一种感染性疾病,毒力因子、宿主遗传因素和环境因素共同影响着幽门螺杆菌的致胃癌作用.其中,毒力因子在致胃癌初始发生的相关免疫反应中起重要作用,宿主遗传因素可影响炎性反应的严重度并可能加重胃黏膜损伤,而环境因素则可能改变幽门螺杆菌感染的临床结局.本文就幽门螺杆菌致胃癌相关因素的最新研究进展进行综述.

Research progress in the factors associated with Helicobacter pylori-related gastric carcinogenesis

Helicobacter pylori has been confirmed to be the Class Ⅰ carcinogens by the World Health Organization and International Agency for Research on Cancer Consensus Group. Although approximately half of the world’s population is infected with Helicobacter pylori, only 1% to 3% develop gastric adenocarcinoma among infected individuals. Based on recent research findings, gastric cancer should be considered as an infectious disease. Bacterial virulence factors, host genetic factors and environmental influences are interacting in the process of Helicobacter pylori-related gastric carcinogenesis. Bacterial virulence factors play an essential role in modulating the immune response involved in the initiation of the carcinogenesis in the stomach. Host genetic factors contribute to the regulation of the inflammatory response and in the aggravation of gastric mucosal damage. Environment influences may also be related to the different clinical outcomes of Helicobacter pylori infection. The research progress in the factors associated with Helicobacter pylori-related gastric carcinogenesis is reviewed in this article.