Qualitative evaluation of Rhode Island's healthcare worker influenza vaccination regulations

Objective

To evaluate Rhode Island's revised vaccination regulations requiring healthcare workers (HCWs) to receive annual influenza vaccination or wear a mask during patient care when influenza is widespread.

Design

Semi-structured telephone interviews conducted in a random sample of healthcare facilities.

Setting

Rhode Island healthcare facilities covered by the HCW regulations, including hospitals, nursing homes, community health centers, nursing service agencies, and home nursing care providers.Participants Staff responsible for collecting and/or reporting facility-level HCW influenza vaccination data to comply with Rhode Island HCW regulations.

Methods

Interviews were transcribed and individually coded by interviewers to identify themes; consensus on coding differences was reached through discussion. Common themes and illustrative quotes are presented.

Results

Many facilities perceived the revised regulations as extending their existing influenza vaccination policies and practices. Despite variations in implementation, nearly all facilities implemented policies that complied with the minimum requirements of the regulations. The primary barrier to implementing the HCW regulations was enforcement of masking among unvaccinated HCWs, which required timely tracking of vaccination status and additional time and effort by supervisors. Factors facilitating implementation included early and regular communication from the state health department and facilities’ ability to adapt existing influenza vaccination programs to incorporate provisions of the revised regulations.

Conclusions

Overall, facilities successfully implemented the revised HCW regulations during the 2012–2013 influenza season. Continued maintenance of the regulations is likely to reduce transmission of influenza and resulting morbidity and mortality in Rhode Island's healthcare facilities.