血液透析动静脉内瘘急性血栓形成的溶栓治疗

目的　探讨经导管溶栓治疗血液透析动静脉内瘘急性血栓形成的价值。方法　对 32例慢性肾功能不全尿毒症期行血液透析患者的动静脉内瘘急性血栓形成进行经导管脉冲喷射药物机械溶栓法治疗。结果　经造影证实为急性血栓形成的 32例患者 ,治疗后即时开通率为 97% (31/ 32 ) :1例技术失败。溶栓治疗后造影 ,闭塞段均重新开放。术后随访发现 4例发生再次闭塞 ,其中 2例经再次同法治疗后恢复通畅 ,另 2例患者因发现有局限性血管狭窄而行经皮腔内血管成形术而恢复通畅。术后所有患者未出现肺栓塞及出血等并发症。结论　经导管脉冲喷射药物机械溶栓法是治疗动静脉内瘘急性血栓形成的安全、有效、微创的方法 ,具有较高的即时开通率。对伴有血管狭窄的患者 ,在经导管脉冲喷射药物机械溶栓法治疗的基础上 ,综合经皮血管成形及支架植入术可以提高远期开通率

Transcatheter thrombolysis treatment of acute A-V internal fistula thrombogenesis in hemodialysis patients

Objective To investigate the value of transcatheter thrombolysis treatment of acute A V internal fistula thrombogenesis in hemodialysis patients. Methods The acute A V fistula thrombogenesis in 32 hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure were treated with transcatheter pulse spray pharmacomechnical thrombolysis (PSPMT). Results Acute A V fistula thrombogenesis was verified in all 32 patients by angiography and treated with transcatheter PSPMT. The immediate clinical success rate of thrombolysis was achieved in 97% except for one case. The A V fistulas were proved to reopen by post treatment angiography. Recurrent thrombosis was found in 4 cases, reopenning with transcatheter PSPMT was achieved in 2 of them and the rest 2 cases were undergone PTA because of localized vascular stenosis. All the 32 A V fistulae, were reopened after treatment without serious complications such as hemorrhage, pulmonary embolism and others.Conclusions Transcatheter PSPMT is a safe, effective and microinvasive treatment for acute A V fistula thrombolysis with higher immediate reopenning rate. Transcatheter PSPMT combined with PTA and intravascular stent grafting can improve long term patency rate.