阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征男女患者生物学特征分析

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）男女患者生物学特征的差异。方法对2004年9月至2005年2月就诊于华西医院睡眠实验室的192例患者进行标准化问卷调查,并测量颈围、腰围、臀围、身高、体重,进行整夜多导睡眠图（PSG）监测,比较男女OSAHS患者的临床表现、人体测量学及PSG指标的差异。结果呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）大于5次/h者170例,诊断为OSAHS。其中男153例（90%）,女17例（10%）。男性OSAHS患者平均年龄小于女性患者[（45.7±11.4）岁比（58.0±6.1）岁,P=0.000];颈围（[37.6±3.2]cm比（35.6±3.2）cm,P=0.000]、腰臀比（0.94±0.04比0.9±0.06,P=0.000）、AHI[（36.4±25.7）次/h比（21.4±17.4）次/h,P=0.004]、氧减指数[（34.5±27.4）次/h比（22.2±20.8）次/h,P=0.035]高于女性OSAHS患者;吸烟比例（52.9%比5.9%,P=0.000）、饮酒比例（46.4%比5.9%,P=0.001）也显著高于女性。女性OSAHS患者晨起头痛（70.6%比26.1%,P=0.005）、口干（76.5%比47.7%,P=0.025）、性格暴躁（52.9%比19.0%,P=0.004）和发生高血压（52.9%比20.9%,P=0.007）的比例高于男性患者。结论男女OSAHS患者在患病率、发病年龄、临床表现及生物学行为等方面均存在一定的差异,了解这些差异将有助于深入认识女性OSAHS。

Differences in Biological Features Between Male and Female Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome

Objective To investigate the differences in biological features between male and female patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome（OSAHS）.Methods 192 cases of patients with snoring were analyzed in the Sleep Medicine Center of West China Hospital from September 2004 to February 2005.The standard sleep disorder questionnaires,neck circumference,hight,weight,and all night polysomnography（PSG） were evaluated.The clinical features of the male and female patients with OSAHS were compared.Results 170 cases of patients met the criteria of OSAHS for the apnea-hypopnea index（AHI） more than 5 times per hour.Male gender accounted for 90% of the total patients（male vs.female 153 vs.17,9∶1）.The age of male patients with OSAHS was younger than that of female（45.7±11.4 years vs.58.0±6.1 years,P=0.000）.Parameters including neck circumference（37.6±3.2 cm vs.35.6±3.2 cm,P=0.000）,waist/hip rate（0.94±0.04 vs.0.9±0.06,P=0.000）,AHI（36.4±25.7 vs.21.4±17.4,P=0.004）,oxygen desaturation index（34.5±27.4 vs.22.2±20.8,P=0.035）,the number of smoking（52.9% vs.5.9%,P=0.000） and drinking（46.4% vs.5.9%,P=0.001） were different among the male and female patients with OSAHS.On the other hand,the morning headache（70.6% vs.26.1%,P=0.005）,mouth dry（76.5% vs.47.7%,P=0.025）,bad temper（52.9% vs.19.0%,P=0.004）,and hypertension（52.9% vs.20.9%,P=0.007） were more common in the female patients with OSAHS.Conclusion There are significant differences between male and female patients with OSAHS in prevalence,age,symptoms,and severity of the disease.