健康人群脑膜炎奈瑟菌带菌率以及血清群分布特征研究

目的了解来宾市健康人群脑膜炎奈瑟菌（Neisseria meningitidis,Nm）的带菌状况,揭示优势菌群,评估流行性脑脊髓膜炎（流脑）流行风险,为制定流脑预防控制策略提供参考。方法将调查对象分为5个年龄组,每个年龄组至少调查200人。每个调查对象采集1份咽拭子,共采集1311份咽拭子进行Nm分离培养和血清群鉴定。结果2011年,来宾市健康人群Nm带菌率为8.54%,其中B群占31.25%,W135群占15.18%,C群占1.79%,A群、X群、Y群各占0.89%,不可分群占49.11%;青年人带菌率高于少年儿童,男性带菌率高于女性。同年来宾市发生的3例流脑均为W135群。结论来宾市健康人群Nm带菌以不可分群菌株为主,可分群菌株中以B群和W135群为优势菌群;W135群为来宾市流脑的主要流行菌群,应在继续推行A＋C群脑膜炎球菌疫苗（Meningococcal Vacune,MenV）接种的同时,加强W135群MenV的接种,以期有效预防控制流脑疫情。

Neisseria Meningitidis Carriage Prevalence and Serogroup Distribution among a Healthy Population

Objective Evaluate carriage of Neisseria meningitidis（ Nm） among a healthy population in Laibin city to determine the dominant serogoups.Evaluate the epidemic risks of meningitis.Methods A total of 1,311 people were enrolled,and were divided into five age groups with at least 200 people in each group.Nm was obtained from 1,311 oropharyngeal swabs,and was tested to identify serogroup.Differences in carriage by region,age group,and gender were analyzed using the Kapha test,and P 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The carriage rate was 8.54%,with 31.25% serogroup B; 15.18% serogroup W; 1.79% serogroup C; and 0.89% for each serogroup A,X,and Y.The remaining 49.11% were non-serogroupable.Carriage among young children was higher than that among adolescents; carriage among males was higher than that among females.Three meningitis patients were found in Laibing City in the same year,and all 3 cases were caused by serogroup W.Conclusions Non-serogroupable strains were predominant among the healthy population in Laibin city,and the dominant serogoups among serogroupable strains were serogroups B and W.Serogroup W was the dominant serogoup that caused meningitis disease in this otherwise health population.We recommend strengthening W-group vaccination with the ongoing A ＋ C meningococcal vaccination effort.