北京市六区居民传染病预防相关健康技能现况调查

了解北京市居民传染病相关健康技能的掌握现状,应用问卷调查的方法在北京市6个区共调查18岁以上居民13287名。本次调查共回收有效问卷13042份。“获取传染病知识”、“看懂药品说明书”、“看懂宣传折页”、“看懂化验单”和“正确使用温度计”的技能掌握率分别是57．7％、71．0％、70．2％、47．9％和76．8％。在不同人群间健康技能掌握率不同,文化水平较低、老年人等掌握率较低（均P〈0．01）,需加强北京市居民传染病相关健康技能健康教育。

Status of health skills relating to infectious diseases among residents six districts in Beijing

To assess the level of health skills relating to infectious diseases among residents in Beijing and develop more effective strategies for controlling infectious diseases. We conducted a multistage sampling, retrospective cross-sectional survey of residents aged 18 and above from 6 districts by self- administered and anonymous questionnaires in January 2011. The questionnaires consisted of health skills relating to infectious diseases. A total of 13 042 respondents completed the survey. The proportions of people with the skills for ＂acquiring knowledge about infectious diseases＂, ＂being able to read medicinal package insert＂, ＂being able to read brochures with regard to basic knowledge about infectious diseases＂, ＂being able to read laboratory test report＂ and ＂ proper use of thermometer＂ were 57.7%, 71.0%, 70. 2%, 47.9% and 76.8% respectively. The levels of health skills were different among different populations （P 〈 0. 01 ）. A low level of health skills was observed among the poorly-educated people and elders. Therefore measures such as health education and skills training about infectious diseases should be taken to improve the health skills.