早产儿视网膜病变的危险因素分析及随访调查

目的研究早产儿视网膜病变发病的危险因素。方法对2007年1月~2010年5月在广东医学院附属医院新生儿科住院的早产儿（胎龄≤36周、出生体重≤2 500 g）,生后2周开始进行ROP的筛查,并定期随访。结果在完成早产儿ROP随访300例中,发现ROP 16例,ROP患病率为5.3%,其中I期12例,Ⅱ期3例,Ⅲ期1例。危险因素单因素分析：胎龄、出生体重、吸氧时间、吸氧浓度、机械通气与ROP相关（P〈0.05）;Logistic回归分析结果显示：胎龄、吸氧浓度、机械通气的比值比（OR值）分别是：0.6675、7.7679、5.2415。结论早产、吸氧浓度高、机械通气是ROP的主要危险因素。

Exploration of risk factors of prematurity retinopathy

Objective To explore the risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity. Methods Premature infants（gestational age≤36 week,birth weight≤2500g） admitted to neonatal intensive care unit（NICU） of The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College from January 2007 to April 2010 have undergone indirect funduscopic examinations two weeks after birth,and then they were followed-up.Results The incidence of ROP was 5.3%（16/300）.Among the 16 patients,11 were diagnosed with stageⅠ,4 with stageⅡ,1 with stageⅢ.Single factor analysis showed that gestation age,birth weight,concentration of oxygen inhalation,time of oxygen inhalation and mechanical ventilation were significantly related to ROP（P0.05）.Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratios of the gestation age,concentration of oxygen inhalation and mechanical ventilation were 0.6675,7.7679 and 5.2415 respectively（P0.05）.Conclusions The gestation age,concentration of oxygen inhalation and mechanical ventilation are high risk factors in the development of ROP.