2型糖尿病病人应对方式及其影响因素分析

目的探讨2型糖尿病病人的应对方式及其影响因素。方法采用自行设计的一般情况评估量表和解亚宁编制的简易应对方式量表,通过目的抽样对住院和门诊2型糖尿病病人180例进行调查,回收有效问卷162份,有效率为90.0%。将162例2型糖尿病病人的应对方式与常模比较,一般情况评估量表的3个内容即一般资料、代谢控制指标、自我管理能力的27个条目行多因素Logistic回归分析,筛选应对方式的影响因素。结果2型糖尿病病人与常模应对方式比较,经统计学处理差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),2型糖尿病病人积极应对分值高于常模,较常模更多采用积极应对方式;2型糖尿病病人消极应对分值低于常模,较常模少采取消极应对方式。多因素Logistic多元回归结果显示:空腹血糖、职业、甘油三酯、病程、饮食控制、能否遵医嘱注射胰岛素是2型糖尿病病人积极应对方式的影响因素;年龄、劳动性质、家族史、是否知道低血糖的预防和处理、能否遵医嘱注射胰岛素是2型糖尿病病人消极应对方式的影响因素。结论积极的应对方式可能有助于提高2型糖尿病病人代谢控制和自我管理能力。护士应鼓励和引导代谢控制和自我管理能力差的病人多采取积极的应对方式,减少不良情绪的影响,良好地控制疾病和提高其生活质量。

Coping Style of Type 2 Diabetes Patients and the Influential Factors

Objective To explore the coping style of type 2 diabetes patients and the influential factors. Methods 180 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were investigated with self-designed general condition assessment scale as well as Simple Coping Style Questionnaire by Yaning Xie in clinical service and by destination sampling. Totally, 162 effective copies of the questionnaires were collected, with effectiveness rate of 90.0%. The coping style deduced from the survey was compared to the norm. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done over the two items of the three factors: general data, metabolism control index and self control ability in the general condition assessment scale to screen the influential factors of coping styles. Results Statistically, the coping style with type 2 diabetes patients was significantly different from that in norm, indicating they took more active coping style. Logistic regression analysis showed the factors influencing active coping style were found including fasting plasma glucose, occupation, triglyceride, course of disease, alimentary control and whether they injected insulin according to medical orders and the factors influencing passive coping style including age, working quality, family history, whether they know the prevention and treatment of glycopenia and whether they inject insulin according to medical orders. Conclusion Active coping style helps the type 2 diabetes patients with metabolism control and self control. Nurses shall encourage and instruct those poor at metabolism control and self control to take up active coping style so as to alleviate the effect from poor moods, manage the disease and then raise their quality of life.