2000-2009年江苏海安地区儿童肺炎支原体感染的流行病学分析

目的：分析江苏海安地区3岁以上儿童肺炎支原体（MP）感染的流行情况。方法：对2000年1月-2009年12月本地区3～16岁1 851例下呼吸道住院患儿的血清标本,采用ELISA法定量检测MP抗体。结果：10年中总的MP感染平均阳性率为16.8%（311/1 851）。一、二、三、四季度MP阳性率分别为12.7%（42/331）,13.8%（68/492）,20.2%（104/516）,18.9%（97/512）,三、四季阳性率显著高于一、二季。2008年支原体阳性率明显高于其他年份,男女阳性检出率之比为1∶1.54（157/1 133∶154/718）;大叶性肺炎中支原体感染检出率最高,支气管炎中检出率最低;随年龄增加MP检出率有增加。结论：MP感染全年均有发病,发病率呈逐年上升趋势,夏秋季为MP感染高发季节。2008年可考虑为本地区支原体感染流行年。女性检出率明显高于男性,MP感染检出率随年龄增加而增加。

Epidemiologic analysis of MP infection in children in Jiangsu Hai'an district from 2000 to 2009

Objective： To analyze the epidemiology of mycoplasma pneumoniae（MP） infection in children above 3 years old living in Jiangsu Hai＇an district.Methods： MP antibody was quantitatively detected in 1 851 inpatients with lower respiratory infection by ELISA method from January 2000 to December 2009.Results： The total positive rate of MP infection was 16.8%（311/1851）.The positive rates in four quarter were 12.7%,13.8%,20.2%,18.9%,respectively.The ratio in third and Fourth quarter was higher than in First and Second quarter.The highest positive rate was in 2008.The ratio of male to female in positive rate was 1∶1.54.The detection rate of lobar pneumonia was the highest and that of bronchitis the lowest.The detection rate increased as age increased.Conclusion： MP infection occured in the whole year.The Third and Fourth quarter are the seasons with high MP infection.A small epidemic occurred possibly in 2008.The detection rate of MP is higher in the females than that in the males.The MP infection rate increases as the age increases.