肿瘤患者的院内感染有关因素

目的：探讨肿瘤患者院内感染的易感因素及治疗对策。方法：对我科1997年2月-1999年2月174例院内感染的感染部位、感染因素及感染菌种等情况作回顾性总结分析。结果：共发生院内感染174例，占同期住院病人的10.45%，其中以放射治疗照射内相应组织器官感染占多数（108/174），尤其以呼吸道感染最多占76.43%，在40例消化道感染病例中，由于化疗致消化道黏膜糜烂继发感染者占16例（40.0%),各种原因引发的骨髓抑制及慢性衰竭、长期卧床病人也是本组病例的常见感染因素。另外，细菌学检查以真菌类感染较常见，占43.42%(33/76)，且病情较为凶险。结论：（1）肿瘤患者院内感染机率较高，放射治疗、化学治疗、慢性衰竭、长期卧床患者均较易发生院内感染；（2）对肿瘤的院内感染要警惕真菌感染。

Factors relating to cross infection in hospital of cancer patients

Purpose:To investigate the susceptible factors and treatment against cross infection in hospital of cancer patients.Methods:174 cases of cross infection in hospital of cancer patients from 1997 to 1999 were analyzed for infective site, infective agent and infectious bacteria. Results:174 cases of cross infection in hospital of cancer patients were found, which was 10.45% of the in paitents of the same period. The majority (108/174) had infection of tissues and organs within irradiation fields after radiotherapy. Respiratory tract infection rate was 76.43%. 16 cases (40.0%) were found to have secondary infection of digestive canal after chemotherapy in the 40 cases of infection of digestive canal. Bone marrow deression or chronic failure and long term decubitus were also causes of infection. In addition, mycotic infection was 43.42% (33/76) in bacteriological tests with bad prognosis.Conclusions:Cross infection in the hospital occurs that patients enfeebled by radiotherapy, chemotherapy, chronic bone marrow failure and long term decubitus. Attention should be paid to the possibility of mycotic cross infection in hospitals, as the prognosis could be quite serious. As soon as the diagnosis is confirmed, early and full dose treatment by anti mycotic drugs should be given.