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Quantitative mapping of total choline in healthy human breast using proton echo planar spectroscopic imaging (PEPSI) at 3 Tesla |
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| Authors: | Chenguang Zhao PhD Patrick J. Bolan PhD Melanie Royce MD PhD Navneeth Lakkadi MS Steven Eberhardt MD Laurel Sillerud PhD Sang‐Joon Lee PhD Stefan Posse PhD |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Neurology and UNM Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA;2. Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA;3. Department of Internal Medicine and UNM Cancer Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA;4. Department of Radiology and UNM Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA;5. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and UNM Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA;6. Department of Internal Medicine and UNM Cancer Center, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA;7. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA;8. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA |
| Abstract: | Purpose:To quantitatively measure tCho levels in healthy breasts using Proton‐Echo‐Planar‐Spectroscopic‐Imaging (PEPSI).Materials and Methods:The two‐dimensional mapping of tCho at 3 Tesla across an entire breast slice using PEPSI and a hybrid spectral quantification method based on LCModel fitting and integration of tCho using the fitted spectrum were developed. This method was validated in 19 healthy females and compared with single voxel spectroscopy (SVS) and with PRESS prelocalized conventional Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) using identical voxel size (8 cc) and similar scan times (～7 min).Results:A tCho peak with a signal to noise ratio larger than 2 was detected in 10 subjects using both PEPSI and SVS. The average tCho concentration in these subjects was 0.45 ± 0.2 mmol/kg using PEPSI and 0.48 ± 0.3 mmol/kg using SVS. Comparable results were obtained in two subjects using conventional MRSI. High lipid content in the spectra of nine tCho negative subjects was associated with spectral line broadening of more than 26 Hz, which made tCho detection impossible. Conventional MRSI with PRESS prelocalization in glandular tissue in two of these subjects yielded tCho concentrations comparable to PEPSI.Conclusion:The detection sensitivity of PEPSI is comparable to SVS and conventional PRESS‐MRSI. PEPSI can be potentially used in the evaluation of tCho in breast cancer. A tCho threshold concentration value of ～0.7 mmol/kg might be used to differentiate between cancerous and healthy (or benign) breast tissues based on this work and previous studies. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:1113–1123. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. |
| Keywords: | MR spectroscopic imaging breast spectral quantification spectral modeling echo‐planar spectroscopic imaging prelocalization |