Evaluations of clinical tobacco cessation interventions in Arab populations: A systematic review |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Cancer Research UK Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK;2. Prince Sultan College for Emergency Medical Services, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia;1. Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;2. Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;3. Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA;1. Mahidol University, Faculty of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Thailand;2. Mahidol University, Faculty of Public Health, Department of Sanitary Engineering;3. Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, Thailand;4. University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, United States;5. Mahidol University, Faculty of Public Health, Department of Public Health Nursing, Thailand;6. University of Southern California, Departments of Preventive Medicine and Psychology, and School of Social Work;1. Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, College of Medicine Office Building, Lexington, KY 40536-0086, USA;2. Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky College of Arts and Sciences, 106-B Kastle Hall, Lexington, KY 40506-0044, USA;3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 3470 Blazer Pkwy, Lexington, KY 40509-1810, USA;1. Group of Evaluation of Health Determinants and Health Policies, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain;2. Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Català d''Oncologia, L''Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;3. Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d''Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L''Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;4. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Campus de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;5. Group of Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience, Neurosciences Programme, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;6. Catalan Network of Smoke-free Hospitals, L''Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;7. Addictions Unit, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;8. Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;1. Myriam Forster, Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330, United States;2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States;3. School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, 5-140 Weaver-Densford Hall, 308, Harvard Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States |
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| Abstract: | Background and aimsTobacco smoking is prevalent among Arab smokers. Interventions to support smoking cessation may differ in effectiveness in this population from Western populations usually studied. This review assessed evidence of effectiveness of clinical smoking interventions in Arab smokers.MethodsA systematic search for comparative trials evaluating tobacco cessation interventions in Arab populations was conducted in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PyschINFO, CINHAL and Web of Science databases. Behavioural, pharmacological and combined interventions were included. Reference lists of included studies were hand searched. The outcome measure was self- reported tobacco abstinence at the final follow-up, with biochemical verification where available. Assessment of evidence for effectiveness was undertaken using Bayes Factors.ResultsA total of 659 titles and abstracts were identified. Five studies met the inclusion criteria. Four of these were randomized controlled trials and one was a non-randomized comparative trial. Differences between study features precluded meaningful aggregation for a meta-analysis. The four randomized trials all yielded Bayes Factors <1, suggesting no effect of the intervention compared with the control condition. The non-randomized trial, conducted in tuberculosis clinics in Sudan, yielded an extremely high Bayes Factor (>1000), supporting the hypothesis of effectiveness; however, the study was judged to have a high risk of bias.ConclusionsAs yet, there is no convincing direct evidence that clinical smoking cessation interventions, which are found to be effective in Western populations, are also effective for Arab smokers. There is an urgent need for high quality randomized trials evaluating interventions in this population. |
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