无纺网与多孔海绵状材料作为软骨组织工程支架的适用性及体内降解性

背景：聚羟基乙酸无纺网与聚羟基丁酸酯-聚羟基己酸酯共聚物多孔海绵具有良好的塑形适应性、生物降解性与生物相容性。目的：观察聚羟基乙酸无纺网与聚羟基丁酸酯-聚羟基己酸酯共聚物多孔海绵作为软骨组织工程支架的适用性及体内降解性。方法：分别制备乳兔软骨细胞-聚羟基乙酸无纺网复合物、乳兔软骨细胞-聚羟基丁酸酯-聚羟基己酸酯共聚物多孔海绵复合物。在实验组成年兔两侧背部皮下分别植入制备的两种复合物，在对照组成年兔两侧背部皮下分别植入聚羟基乙酸无纺网与聚羟基丁酸酯-聚羟基己酸酯共聚物。结果与结论：组织学观察显示，以聚羟基乙酸无纺网获取的组织工程软骨，植入4 周时软骨细胞较小，软骨内有较多聚羟基乙酸纤维残留，8周时软骨细胞较成熟，包埋在陷窝内，聚羟基乙酸纤维消失，12周时软骨细胞成熟，基质分泌丰富，无聚羟基乙酸存留；以聚羟基丁酸酯-聚羟基己酸酯共聚物多孔海绵获取的组织工程软骨，植入4周时软骨细胞不成熟，软骨基质内似“杂质”样材料残留物较多，8周时软骨细胞较成熟，软骨基质内仍可见材料残留，12周时软骨基质材料残留基本消失。两组组织工程软骨特殊染色与免疫组织化学检测均显示再生软骨胶原与基质黏多糖生成良好，软骨中均检测出Ⅱ型胶原。表明两种材料作为软骨组织工程支架具有良好的适用性，其降解时间均达到组织工程软骨构建的要求。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程全文链接：

Applicability and biodegradability in vivo upon polyglycolic acid nonwoven mesh and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) porous sponge as scaffolds for tissue engineered cartilage

BACKGROUND: Both polyglycolic acid (PGA) nonwoven mesh and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHH) show good applicability, biodegradability and biocompatibility with porous sponges.OBJECTIVE: To explore the applicability and biodegradability in vivo of PGA nonwoven mesh and PHBHH porous sponge as scaffolds for tissue engineered cartilage. METHODS: Rabbit chondrocytes were seeded onto PGA nonwoven mesh and PHBHH porous sponge respectively as scaffolds to form chondrocyte-PGA or chondrocyte-PHBHH composites by tissue engineering technique. The composites were implanted subcutaneously into the dorsum of the adult New Zealand white rabbits as experimental group. In addition, PGA nonwoven mesh and PHBHH porous sponge respectively were implanted subcutaneously into the dorsum of another rabbits as control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Histological examination showed that for the tissue engineered cartilage using PGA nonwoven mesh as scaffolds a few smaller chondrocytes and some remainder of PGA fibers existed among the matrix of neocartilage after 4 weeks; near mature cartilage appeared without PGA fiber remainder after 8 weeks; then mature cartilage formed with a plenty of cartilage matrix and without PGA fiber remainder after 12 weeks. For the tissue engineered cartilage using PHBHH porous sponge as scaffolds, immature chondrocytes presented with more remainder of PHBHH similar to “foreign substance” in neocartilage after 4 weeks; and some remainder of PHBHH still remained after 8 weeks; up until 12 weeks, the remainder of PHBHH was invisible within the new cartilage. It was demonstrated to form rich cartilaginous matrix and type II collage through special staining and immunohistochemical test at 12 weeks after implantation. Both PGA nonwoven mesh and PHBHH porous sponge have good applicability and biodegradability as scaffolds for tissue engineered cartilage in vivo, and their biodegradability meets the requirement of constructing tissue engineered cartilage.