彩色多普勒超声对糖尿病患者肾脏大小与肾血流动力学关系的分析

目的:应用彩色多普勒超声观察对糖尿病患者肾脏大小形态、结构及各级肾动脉阻力指数(RI)的改变,分析肾脏大小与阻力指数之间的关系,以期寻找更早期的、无创性的糖尿病肾病(DN)辅助诊断方法.方法:选择120例糖尿病(DM)患者,病程＜5年为DM1组60例,病程＞5年为DM2组60例,排除合并心衰、泌尿系感染、结石、肾血管疾病及其他原因致肾脏原发、继发病变,所有患者尿常规蛋白阴性,血尿素氮、肌酐正常.同时选择120例健康者作为对照组.应用彩色多普勒超声仪检查受试者肾脏大小、各级肾动脉阻力指数.应用SPSS统计软件包进行统计处理.结果:DN2组糖尿病患者肾脏较正常对照组及DM1组者大,两者比较有统计学意义.DM2组RI较DM1组及正常组高.DM2组肾脏大小与肾各级动脉RI之间有线性关系,呈正相关(r=0.85,P＜0.05).结论:彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)检测能提示DM患者肾脏大小和肾血流动力学情况,对早期DN的诊断是有价值的.

Study on Relationship Between Renal Size and Hemodynamics using Doppler Ultrasonography in Patients with Diabetes

Objective:To study the renal size, shape and resistive index(RI) of every renal arteries in patients with diabetes by color Doppler ultrasound and to determine the relationship between the renal size and resistive index(RI).Methods:A total of 120 patients with diabetes were divided into two groups. The duration with diabetes more than 5 years was designated as DM2 and those less than 5 years as DM1.120 normal persons were examined by color Doppler ultrasound.All patients with diabetes were diagnosed as without other complicated diseases (cardiac, renal et al).In each patient, renal size and resistive index(RI) were measured. Analysis was performed using SPSS 11.0.Results:The renal size in patients with diabetes (DM2) were large than those of normal persons and DM1(P<0.05). The DM2 patients with big kidney had higher RI than that the healthy controls. RI in patients with diabetes (DM2) was well correlated to renal size, with statistical significance.Conclusion:In diabetic patients, color Doppler ultrasound is a useful method for assessment of renal size and hemodynamics and for early diagnosis and evaluation of diabetic nephropathy.