围孕期复合微营养素补充对仔鼠宫内生长受限的作用及胎盘细胞凋亡的影响

目的 探讨孕期补充复合微营养素(MMN)对SD大鼠胎儿生长受限(FGR )发生及胎盘凋亡的影响。方法 使用被动吸烟法建造SD孕鼠FGR模型,孕鼠随机分为4组(FGR组、MMN组、对照组和正常组),MMN组、对照组饲料添加MMN,另两组喂养普通饲料。FGR组、MMN组被动吸烟,另两组呼吸正常空气。对比4组仔鼠数量、出生质量及胎盘质量,同时利于TUNNEL法检测胎盘滋养细胞凋亡变化。结果 FGR组仔鼠数量、仔鼠质量及胎盘质量均较正常组显著降低(P<0.05)。MMN组鼠胎数及鼠胎质量较FGR组显著升高(P<0.05),但胎盘质量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。4组孕鼠胎盘细胞均存在一定程度的凋亡,FGR组凋亡率较正常组显著升高(P<0.05);MMN组凋亡率较FGR组显著降低(P<0.05),与正常组差异无统计学意义。对照组与正常组间各数据差异无统计学意义。结论 孕期补充MMN显著降低被动吸烟所致的FGR发生率,其机制可能为降低胎盘滋养细胞异常凋亡。

Research on the effect on the incidence of the fetal rats with fetal growth restriction and the apoptosis of placental cells with maternal multiple micronutrients supplementation.

Objective To explore the effect on the incidence of the fetal rats with fetal growth restriction(FGR) and the apoptosis of placental cells with maternal multiple micronutrients (MMN) supplementation. Methods FGR model of SD rats was done by maternal passive smoking.The pregnant rats were divided into four groups (FGR,MMN,control and normal group).Rats of the MMN group and the control group were fed with supplementation of MMN,and the other rats of the FGR group and the normal group were fed on normal food.Rats of the FGR group and the MMN group endured passive smoking,and other rats of the control group and the normal group breathed normally.The number and the weight of the fetal rats,the weight of the placentas were contrasted.Cell apoptosis of the placentas were detected by method TUNNEL. Results The number,the weight of fetal rats and placenta of the FGR group decreased significantly than those of control group (P<0.05).The number and the weight of the fetal rats of the MMN group increased significantly than those of FGR group(P<0.05),but there was no signicant difference between the placental weight of these two groups(P>0.05).There existed placental cellular apoptosis in all four groups.The apoptosis index of FGR group was higher than that of normal group(P<0.05); the apoptosis index of MMN group was lower than that of FGR group(P<0.05),with no difference with the normal group (P>0.05).All data of the control group had no signicant differences between the control group and the normal group(P>0.05). Conclusions Maternal MMN supplementation could decrease the incidence of FGR induced by passive smoking.The probable mechanism may be restrain abnormal placental cell apoptosis.