海南省2002—2008年新涂阳肺结核发病情况分析

目的分析海南省2002～2008年新涂阳肺结核发病情况，为肺结核病防治工作提出对策。方法运用流行病学回顾性调查研究方法，对新涂阳病人性别、年龄和季节分布情况进行分析。结果2002—2008年共登记活动性肺结核病人51181例，其中涂阳病人33301例，占65．1％；新涂阳29533例，占涂阳病人总数的88．7％；7年间涂阳病人平均年登记率60．8／10万。新涂阳病人中，男性占76．1％，女性占23．9％，男性与女性之比为3．2：1；年龄分布，0～14岁占0．3％，15～54岁占63．8％，55岁以上占35．9％；季节分布，春季占21．1％，夏季占27．8％，秋季占26．5％，冬季占24．6％。结论海南省自2001年起实施结核病防治十年规划后，充分应用现代结核病控制策略。发现了大量结核病的传染源并予以治疗。在新涂阳肺结核病人高发现率的基础上，积极全面推行直接督导下的短程化疗（DOTS），保证高治愈率水平，减少耐药和难治性肺结核病的发生，阻断结核病的传播和流行。

Analysis of features of new smear positive TB infections in 2002-2008 in Hainan

Objecitive To analyze the features of new smear positive Tuberculosis （TB） infections in Hainan Province. Methods The Features of new smear positive TB infections in Hianan during the years of 2002-2008 were respectively analyzed including the distributions of age,gender and seasons. Rsults There 51 181 active TB cases were registerd in 2002-2008,inclduing 29 533 new smear psoitives ,accounted for 88.7% and the average registration rate in the last 7 years was 60.8/100 000. The infection rates 76.1% in males and 23.9% in females. The ratios of male to female was 3.2：1. There 0.3%,63.8% and 35.9% of the infections were in the age groups of 0-14 years,15-54 years and 〉55 years. There 21.1%, 27.8% ,26.5% and 24.6 % of the infections occurred in Spring,summer,autumn and winter. Conlnsion Most of the infections occurred to males at their prime of years and they the target population for TB controlin this province. To ensure high cure rate the DOT be comprehensively and actively carried out based on the high detection rate of new smear positive cases in order to prevent the accourrence of drug resistance and refractory TB and totally interrupt the transmission and prevlance of TB in this province.