国人男女冠心病发病危险因素分析

目的：了解男女冠心病（CHD）发病的危险因素。方法：研究对象为2005年1月～2010年6月间行冠状动脉造影检查者，其中男853例，女164例。对CHD患者均采集详细病史和相应血生化指标。其血浆纤维蛋白原（Fg）测定采用凝血酶方法，血清总胆固醇（Tc）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—c）及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）测定采用标准酶法。结果：男女间糖尿病患病率、LDL-C和Fg水平均无显著异（P〉0．05）；女性CHD患者发病年龄（66．8±10．4）岁比（58．9±11．7）岁]，高血压患病率（68．9％比56．7％），TC（5．1±1．4）mmol／L比（4．5±0．9）mmol／L]、TG（2．1±1．4）mmol／L比（1．8±1．2）mmol／L]浓度明显高于男性（P〈0．05～〈0．001），吸烟率（8．5％比55．0％），尿酸（336．6±102．6）mmol／L比（364．7±112．4）mmol／L]水平明显低于男性（P％0．01）。结论：男女冠心病发病危险因素状况不同，女性冠心病合并高血压、脂质代谢紊乱较多，而男性冠心病发病年龄明显提前，以吸烟、血尿酸水平增高为主要表现。

Risk factors of coronary heart disease in Chinese males and females

Objective： To study risk factors of coronary heart disease （CHD） in males and females. Methods： A total of 853 males and 164 females, who were diagnosed as CHD by coronary angiography from January 2005 to June 2010 were enrolled in the study. Detailed disease history and biochemical indicators were collected in CHD patients. Thrombin method was used to measure plasma level of fibrinogen （Fg）, standard enzyme method was used to measure serum levels of total cholesterol （TC）, triglyceride （TG）, low density lipoprotein-Cholesterol （LDL-C） and high density lipoprotein-Cholesterol （HDL-C）. Results： There were no significant difference in occurrence rate of diabetes mellitus and levels of LDL--C and Fg between male and female patients （P〉0.05） ; compared with males, onset age - （58.9＋ 11.7） years old vs. （66.8＋10.4） years old], occurrence rate of hypertension （56.7% vs. 68.9%）, levels of TC - （4.5＋0.9） mmol/L vs. （5.1＋1.4） mmol/L], TG E （1.8＋1.2） mmol/L vs. （2.1＋1.4） mmol/L] were significantly higher （P〈0.05-%0. 001） ; and smoking rate （55.0% vs. 8.5%） , level of uric acid F （364.7 ＋112.4） mmol/L vs. （336.6＋102.6） mmol/L ] were significantly lower in females （P%0.01）. Conclusion. There exist difference in risk factor of coronary heart disease between males and females. Female patients are more complicated with hypertension and dyslipidemia, while male patients tend to possess a younger onset age, smoking history and increased level of uric acid.