哈尔滨市中学生自尊羞耻与攻击行为的关系

考察中学生自尊、羞耻与攻击行为的关系,为制定合理的干预措施提供实证参考.方法 采用自尊量表、中学生羞耻感量表和Buss&Perry攻击问卷,对从哈尔滨市方便抽取的l 174名中学生进行调查.结果 中学生的主要攻击形式为敌意和言语攻击.男生的攻击行为总分、愤怒和身体攻击水平均高于女生(t值分别为2.806,3.864,4.279,P值均<0.05);高一学生攻击行为水平最高,初一学生的攻击行为得分低于初三和高一学生(P<0.05);在身体攻击和言语攻击维度上的年级差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).自尊与羞耻、攻击行为及各维度间呈负相关,羞耻与攻击行为及各维度间呈正相关(P值均<0.05).自尊不仅能直接影响中学生的攻击行为,还可通过羞耻的中介效应间接影响攻击行为,直接效应和间接效应分别为0.172,0.150,中介模型拟合指标x2/df=2.924,CFI=0.899,TLI=0.912,RMSEA=0.038,SRMR=0.044.结论 中学生自尊、羞耻与攻击行为的关系密切,且羞耻在自尊预测攻击行为间起部分中介作用.

Relationship among self-esteem,shame, and aggressive behavior of middle school students

Objective To explore the relationships among self-esteem,shame,and aggressive behavior,and to provide references for making reasonable preventive measures.Methods A total of 1 174 students selected from Harbin were investigated by filling out Self-liking/Self-competence Scale Revised,Middle School Students' Shame Scale and Buss & Perry Aggression Questionnaire.Results Oral aggression and hostility were the primary forms of aggressive behaviors among middle school students;Males' scores of aggressive behavior,anger and physical aggression were significantly higher than those of females' (t =2.806,3.864,40.279,P<0.05),senior one students' score of aggressive behavior ranked highest.Junior school freshmen's score of aggressive behavior was significantly lower than those of junior three students and senior one students(P<0.05).There were also significant statisticalgrade differences between physical aggression and oral aggression(P<0.05).All dimensions of the self-esteem,shame and aggressive behavior of middle students were negativelycorrelated.Shame and aggressive behaviors were positively correlated.Self-esteem not only directly affected the aggressive behavior but also indirectly affected it,via the shame,and the direct and indirect effect scored 0.172 and 0.150,respectively;The models fitting were all good(x2/df=2.924,CFI=0.899,TLI=0.912,RMSEA =0.038,SRMR =0.044).Conclusion There is a significant statistical significance of the relationship among self-esteem,shame and aggression of middle school students;and the shame is mediated between self-esteem and aggressive behavior.