基于健康行为过程取向的大学生体育锻炼行为比较

比较不同类型高校大学生体育锻炼行为,为促进大学生体育锻炼行为改善提供参考.方法 采用随机整群抽样的方法,抽取山西省理工类、医科类、综合类及财经类4所高校的873名大学生进行体育锻炼情况的问卷调查.结果 不同体育锻炼阶段的人数分布整体呈倒U型,意向阶段(32.8%)和准备阶段(23.5%)的人数最多,意向前阶段(21.0%)和维持阶段(7.9%)的人数最少.4类高校大学生体育锻炼态度总量表及行为认知、情感体验、行为控制感3个维度上的得分差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为5.49,8.31,6.78,5.75,P值均<0.01),且财经类高校大学生体育锻炼态度最差.4类高校大学生体育锻炼变化程序除互助联系外,总得分及各维度得分差异均具有统计学意义(P值均<0.01),且财经类高校大学生的体育锻炼行为最差.结论 在实施行为干预时,结合健康行为过程取向理论可有效改变大学生体育锻炼行为,但须考虑性别、专业等影响因素.

Study on comparison of physical exercise behaviors among college students

Objective To compare the physical exercise behaviors among college students in different universities,and to provide the reference for promoting the change of college students' exercise behavior.Methods A total of 873 college students from 4 universities in Shanxi Province were investigated by using the method of Cluster Random Sampling.Results The population distribution of different excerising stages showed an inverted U-shape.The most students were at the intentional and preparation stage,and the fewest students chose to stay at the pre-intentional and maintaining stage.There were the statistical significance in the different scores of physical exercising attitude scales,and three dimensions of behavioral cognition,emotional experience and behavioral control in 4 universities (F=5.49,8.31,6.78,5.75,P<0.01).And the students in the university of financial and economics got the worst physical exercising attitude.Also,there were the statistical significance of the different scores in all dimensions and the total scores of physical exercise changing procedures in the four universities(P<0.01).And the students in the university of financial and economics showed the worst physical exercising behavior.Conclusion In the course of implementing behavioral interventions,combining with HAPA theory can be effective in changing the ocollege students' physical exercise behaviors,but the influencing factors,such as gender,profession,must be integrated.