廊坊市农村留守中学生健康生活方式现状

探讨农村留守中学生健康生活方式现状及影响因素,为农村留守儿童营造健康成长的良好生活环境提供参考.方法 采用问卷调查法、数理统计法,对随机整群抽取的廊坊市1 372名农村中学生(留守600名,非留守772名)健康生活方式现状进行研究.结果 留守男生和女生在健康生活方式“较差”等级上的比例分别为24.45%和25.16%,非留守中学生分别为20.15%和22.63%;而留守男生和女生在健康生活方式“优秀”等级上的比例分别为10.54%和9.80%,非留守中学生分别为13.77%和11.80%.留守中学生健康生活方式6个维度得分在2.77~3.46分之间,非留守中学生在2.82~ 3.69分之间,均处在中等偏下水平.健康教育4个维度平均得分留守中学生在3.07 ~ 3.65分之间,非留守中学生在3.02~3.70分之间,对学校健康教育整体的满意程度较高.对农村留守中学生健康生活方式影响程度较深或较强的家庭因素依次是监护方式、家庭人均月收入和母亲文化程度(β值分别为0.397,0.263和0.203);学校因素依次是健康教育活动、校园健康文化和健康教育制度(β值分别为0.448,0.364和0.306).结论 农村留守中学生健康危险行为主要表现在营养行为、身体运动、健康责任和自我实现4个维度.家庭和学校因素影响作用明显,应采取针对性的干预措施.

Current situation of healthy lifestyle of rural left behind middle school students in Langfang

Objective To discuss the current situation and influencing factors of rural left behind middle school students'healthy life style,so as to create a healthy living environment for them.Methods By using the method of questionnaire and mathematical statistics,this paper studied the current situation of healthy lifestyle of 1 372(stay 600,non left-behind in the 772) middle school students in Langfang.Results The proportion of boys and girls in the "poor" grade was 24.45% and 25.16% respectively,and the number of non left-behind middle school students was about 20.15% and 22.63%,respectively;The proportion of boys and girls in the "excellent" level of left behind students were 10.54% and 9.80%,respectively,and the number of non left-behind middle school students was 13.77%and 11.80%.The 6 dimensions of left behind middle school students' healthy lifestyle were in the range of 2.77 to 3.46,and the non left-behind middle school students between the ages of 2.82 and 3.69 were in the lower middle level.The average score of 4 dimensions of health education for left behind middle school students is between 3.07 and 3.65.Non left-behind middle school students between 3.02 and 3.70,the overall satisfaction of school health education was higher.Family factors on rural students have a healthy lifestyle influence is deep or strong in monitoring,family income and education level of mother,corresponding to the partial regression coefficients were 0.397,0.263 and 0.203;school factors were health education activities,campus health culture and education system,corresponding to the partial regression coefficient was 0.448,0.364 and 0.306.Conclusion The health risk behaviors of rural left behind middle school students are mainly reflected in 4 dimensions:nutrition behavior,physical exercise,health responsibility and self-realization.The influence of family and school factors is obvious,and targeted interventions should be taken.