不同含碘剂量中药复方对AIT大鼠甲状腺组织超微结构及病理形态学影响的研究

目的:观察不同剂量含碘中药(海藻、昆布)复方对实验性自身免疫性甲状腺炎(AIT)大鼠甲状腺自身抗体、甲状腺组织超微结构及病理形态学的影响,探讨其作用机制;筛选中药复方中含碘中药的最佳剂量。方法:选用普通级SD雌性大鼠75只,取15只为正常组,其余60只进行造模,造模完成后分成4组:模型组、含碘中药低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组。实验结束称取各组大鼠体重,取大鼠双侧甲状腺,计算每100g大鼠体重的甲状腺mg数,作为甲状腺的重量指数(mg/100g);酶联免疫法检测各组大鼠甲状腺抗体水平;电镜下观察各组大鼠甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞超微结构变化;光镜下观察各组大鼠甲状腺组织病理形态学变化。结果:含碘中药各治疗组与模型组相比,大鼠甲状腺重量指数明显降低(P0.01),甲状腺自身抗体水平均降低(P0.01);治疗组组间比较,高、中剂量组优于低剂量组(P0.05),高、中剂量组之间无明显差异(P0.05);各治疗组甲状腺组织病理损伤较模型组减轻。结论:含碘中药复方具有缓解AIT大鼠甲状腺肿,降低甲状腺自身抗体水平,减轻甲状腺组织病理损伤的作用;含碘中药海藻、昆布的最佳剂量为20～30g。

Research on Influence of Compound Formula Containing Different Dosage of Iodine on Ultrastructure and Pathomorphology of AIT Rats Thyroid Tissue

Objective:To investigate the effects of different doses of iodine in Chinese herbal(Haizao and Kunbu)compound on autoantibodies,ultrastructure and pathomorphology changes of the thyroid tissue of autoimmune thyroiditis rats and explore its mechanism;and filter out the best doses of iodine in the Chinese herbal compound.Method:75 conventional SD female rats were chosen for the experiment,after 15 were taken for the normal group,the remaining 60 were used for modeling.The rats modeled were divided into 4 groups:Model control group,iodine Chinese medicine treatment of low-dose group,middle-dose group and high-dose group.After the end of the experiment,the rats were weighted and the bilateral thyroids were removed to calculate the thyroid’s mg number of per 100g weight of the rats which used as index of thyroid’s weight(mg/100g);the levels of autoantibodies were detected with Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;the pathomorphology change of the thyroid gland was observed under the light microscope;the ultrastructure was observed with the electron microscope.Result:The weight index of thyroid significantly reduced(P<0.01);the levels of autoantibodies were lowered(P<0.01)in iodine Chinese medicine treatment groups compared with model control group.The indicators in high-dose group and middle-dose group were significant different compared with that in low-dose group(P<0.05),but the indicators in high and middle-dose group showed no statistical difference(P>0.05).Thyroid tissue’s pathological damages were lighter in iodine Chinese medicine treatment groups compared with model control group.Conclusion:The iodine Chinese herbal compound has the effect of reducing the weight of thyroid,the levels of autoantibodies,the ultrastructure and pathomorphology damage of the thyroid tissue.The best doses of Haizao and Kunbu which contains iodine are 20 to 30 grams.