中药调剂规范化研究(Ⅲ):含不同类型成分的中药对大黄蒽醌煎出量的影响

目的:探讨含不同类型成分的中药与大黄配伍对其蒽醌类成分煎出量的影响规律,为合理制定大黄临床调剂规范提供科学依据。方法:采用超高效液相色谱法检测含不同成分类别的中药(皂苷类、生物碱类、黄酮类中药以及动物药、矿物药等)与大黄合煎时对其蒽醌类成分煎出量的影响规律。结果:在相同条件下,与大黄单煎样品对比,含皂苷类药材(生黄芪、三七、甘草、远志、人参)与大黄合煎显著增加蒽醌类成分煎出量;含生物碱类药材(黄连、苦参、熟附子、黄柏、生附子)与大黄合煎显著降低蒽醌类成分煎出量;矿物药(芒硝、石膏、牡蛎、明矾)与大黄合煎也使蒽醌类成分煎出量不同程度下降。另外,与姜黄合煎使大黄蒽醌类成分煎出量显著增加,而与地黄、茵陈、金银花、连翘和土鳖虫合煎则不同程度地降低总蒽醌煎出量。在所考察的分煎与合煎组合中,大黄总蒽醌的最高与最低煎出量相差2.3倍,其中大黄素甲醚的煎出量差异最大,达到13.5倍。结论:大黄与含不同成分类别的中药配伍时,单煎与合煎的方式对大黄蒽醌类成分的煎出量有不同程度的影响,其中含皂苷类药材与大黄合煎可能会增加其蒽醌类成分煎出量,而含生物碱类药材与大黄合煎可能会降低其蒽醌类成分的煎出量。

Research on standardized preparation of traditional Chinese medicine (III): difference of extracting quantity of anthraquinones from mixed decoction of rhubarb with TCMs containing different ingredients

Objective: To detect the influence of compatibility of rhubarb with different traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) on extracted quantities of AQs, and to provide scientific basis for the clinical code for rhubarb preparation. Method: The influence of compatibility of rhubarb with different traditional Chinese medicines (saponin, alkaloids, flavonoids TCMs, animal medicines and mineral medicines) on decocting volume of anthraquinone substance was detected using ultra performance liquid chromatography. Result: In comparable conditions, more AQs were extracted from mixed decoction of rhubarb and saponin medicinal materials (Astragali Radix, Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Polygalae Radix, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) than single decocting of rhubarb. The mixed decoction of rhubarb and alkaloid medicinal materials (Coptidis Rhizoma, Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex, Aconiti Lateralis Radix) caused a remarkable decrease in extracted quantities of AQs. And the mixed decoction of rhubarb and mineral medicines (Natrii Sulfas, Gypsum Fibrosum, Ostreae Concha, Alumen) also resulted in less extracted quantities of AQs to varying degrees. Besides, more rhubarb AQs were extracted from mixed decoction with Curcuma than single decoction. But less rhubarb AQs were observed in mixed decoction with Lonicerae Flos, Rehmanniae, Artemisiae Herb and Forsythiae Fructus than single decoction to varying degrees. In the study, the maximum extracted quantities of AQs is 2.3-fold higher than the minimum, the largest difference existed in the extracted quantity of physcion which was 13.5 times. Conclusion: In compatibility between rhubarb and different TMCs, mixed decoction and single decoction show different influences on extracted quantity of rhubarb AQs. It is proved that more AQs may be extracted from mixed decoction between rhubarb and saponin medicinal materials, whereas less AQs may be observed in mixed decoction between rhubarb and alkaloid medicinal materials.