厦门市肾综合征出血热宿主动物感染情况调查

目的调查厦门市肾综合征出血热(HFRS,出血热),出血热宿主动物及其自然感染汉坦病毒状况,明确主要传染源种类,为预防和控制出血热提供科学依据。方法应用笼夜法捕鼠,计算鼠密度及鼠种构成,对鼠肺检测出血热病毒抗原,血清检测抗体。结果 2008-2009年厦门市鼠形动物总捕获率为8.02%,属于2目2科6种,以褐家鼠(45.14%)为优势种。宿主动物血清阳性率为13.45%,褐家鼠血清阳性率为21.52%;宿主动物带毒率为2.52%,带毒指数为0.037 77。宿主动物带毒率调查阳性均为褐家鼠,全市褐家鼠带毒率为2.63%,此次监测结果与厦门市20世纪80年代宿主动物调查结果无差别(P>0.05)。结论厦门市存在以褐家鼠为主要传染源的出血热疫源地,提示应根据褐家鼠的生态特点采取有针对性的综合防控措施,有效控制以褐家鼠为主的鼠密度,降低出血热发生和流行的危险。

Hantavirus infections among host animals of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Xiamen

Objective To identify the host animals of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) and their natural infections with Hantavirus in Xiamen.Methods Night cage-traps were used to capture rodents indoor and outdoor.After the rats were taxonomically identified,their sera samples and lung tissues were aseptically collected and tested for serum Hantavirus antibody and antigen in lung tissues.Results From 2008 to 2009,2 orders,2 families,6 species host animals were captured,dominated by Rattus norvegicus(45.14%).The overall positive rate of Hantavirus antibody among the host animals was 13.45%,of which R.norvegicus was 21.52%.Positive lung tissues detected from the host animals was 2.52%,all belonged to R.novegicus.Conclusion The natural foci of HFRS are extensively present in Xiamen,R.novegicus is the major host animal.