飞行人员高血压及其相关因素研究

目的 调查飞行人员高血压发病情况，探讨引起飞行人员高血压的危险因素。方法采用整体抽样的方法抽取民航飞行学院598名飞行人员的体检资料，同时进行问卷调查，所有资料采用SPSS 13．0软件，进行方差分析及t检验。结果 飞行人员收缩压为（114．45±10．10）mmHg（1mmHg-0．133kPa），舒张压为（72．81±8．90）mmHg，大多分布在正常血压组和正常高值血压组。其中，正常组346例，占57．86％；正常高值血压组225例，占37．63％；高血压组27例（1级23例，2级4例），检出率为4．51％，多为单纯收缩期高血压，无3级高血压。根据危险因素与各组对照分析发现，超重、中心性肥胖及缺乏锻炼对飞行人员血压的影响存在显著差异（p〈0．01）。结论 超重、中心性肥胖及缺乏锻炼是飞行人员高血压的主要危险因素。建议对飞行人员中的高危人群加强高血压健康知识教育，通过改变他们的生活方式，进而达到减缓飞行人员血压偏高者向高血压发展的趋势。

A Research on Hypertension Of Pilot And Related Factors

Objective To study the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension of pilot, and to identify the main influencing factors related to hypertension. Method Census was conducted on hypertension and related risk factors among 598 pilots, and carry out a non-registered questionnaire survey of hypertension and related fac- tors. The relative risk factors were screened by variance analysis and t-test by SPSS 13.0. Results SP is （114.45±10, 10）mmHg（1 mmHg=0. 133 kPa） and DP is（72. 81±8.90）mmHg between normal pulse pres- sure group and normal higher pulse pressure group. There are 346 persons in normal group, and it is 57.86%. There are 225 persons in normal higher group, ant it is 37.63%. 27 persons belong to hypertension group and 23 persons are level 1, 4 persons is level 2. and they are 4.51% most of them are pure systolic hypertension. There isn＇t level 3 hypertension. Aeeording to risk faetors and blood pressure eomparison, overweight, eentral obeseness, and laeking of exereise are quite different with the influenee to blood pressure of pilot （p〈0.01）. Conclusion Overweight, central obeseness and lacking of exercise are main risk factors whieh lead to n of pilot. It is neeessary to earry out hypertension knowledge edueation to high risk group of pilots. Changing their lifestyle so as to slow down the trend of from normal higher blood pressrue to hypertension.