载药人工骨研究的应用进展

背景：骨科药物缓释系统现已成为治疗骨科疾病的一大重要方法，作为其中之一的载药人工骨是目前新兴前沿的治疗手段。目的：综述载药人工骨的分类及特点、研究方法和研究方向。方法：由第一作者检索2001至2011年 PubMed数据库及维普外文期刊库有关载药人工骨材料分类、载药人工骨研究方法及载药人工骨应用研究等方面的文献。结果与结论：载药人工骨主要分为羟基磷灰石、磷酸钙骨水泥、生物玻璃3类，前两者已逐步应用于临床研究及治疗中，生物玻璃是最近比较新的研究材料，在充当填充骨材料和药物释放载体上具有独特的功能，关于其特性、具体应用还要进一步研究。载药人工骨的研究方法主要从药物载体孔洞选择、人工骨制备、载药人工骨药物成分、人工骨药物释放机制等方面入手。载药人工骨具有药物载体和修复骨缺损的双重作用，且能诱导骨的生长和同步降解，具有操作简便，疗效好等优点，应用于骨髓炎、骨缺损和预防人工关节感染等方面是一种理想且有效的方法。

Application progresses in drug-loaded artificial bone

BACKGROUND:Drug delivery system in orthopedics department has become an important method for orthopedic diseases. As a part of it, drug-loaded artificial bone is a newly emerging treatment at present.OBJECTIVE:To review the classification, property, research methods and research direction of drug-loaded artificial bone.METHODS:PubMed and VIP databases were searched by first author (2001/2011) for papers concerning the classification, research methods and application of drug-loaded artificial bone.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There are three main types of drug-loaded artificial bones: hydroxylapatite, calcium phosphate cement and bioglass. The former two have gradually applied to clinical research and treatment. Bioglass is a new research material recently, which has special functions as filling bone materials and drug released carriers, but its properties and application are need to further study. The research methods of drug-loaded artificial bone can start with the mechanisms, such as drug carrier hole choice, artificial bone preparation, drug ingredients of drug-loaded artificial bones and drug release of artificial bone. Drug-loaded artificial bones are the drug carrier and can repair bone defects, besides, they can induce the growth and snchronous degradation. They are ideal and effective methods in the application of osteomyelitis, bone defects as well as the prevention of artificial joint infection owing to their easy operation and good effectiveness.