医师共情能力自评问卷的编制

目的 编制一个适用于医师共情能力评测的问卷,并检验其信度和效度.方法 通过文献研究、访谈和专家咨询,编制医师共情能力自评问卷的初测版.按照便利取样的方法简单随机抽取某医院200名临床医师试测,并进行讨论分析,形成正式版的问卷.采用分层抽样的方法,抽取3所医院600名临床医师正式施测,并填答中文版人际反应指针量表.间隔4周抽取100人进行重测.对所得的586份有效问卷的数据进行验证性分析,并检验问卷的信度和效度.结果 探索性因素分析得到观点采择能力、情绪共享能力、积极关怀能力和共情表达技能4个因素,因素负荷值为0.516 ～ 0.828.问卷的内部一致性信度为0.840,重测信度为0.728,与中文版人际反应指针量表的相关系数为0.712.结论 所编制的医师共情能力自评问卷具有较好的信度和效度,可以用于临床医师共情能力的评测.

Development of a self-assessment questionnaire for physician empathy competence

Objective To develop a questionnaire for rating physician's empathy competence and test its reliability and validity.Methods Based on published articles and expert interview and consultation,we established a preliminary version of the self-rating questionnaire for physician's empathy competence.After testing in 200 physicians randomly selected from a hospital,a formal version of the questionnaire was formed and tested among 600 physicians sampled by stratified sampling,who were also asked to complete the Interpersonal Reactivity Index-Chinese version (IRI-C).At an interval of 4 weeks,100 of the physicians were retested.The data from 586 valid questionnaires were verified and analyzed to assess the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.Results Four factors,namely the perspective taking ability,emotion sharing ability,positive caring ability and expression skills of empathy,were attained by exploratory factor analysis,and their factor loading ranged from 0.516 and 0.828.The internal consistency reliability of the questionnaire was 0.840 with a test-retest coefficient of 0.728 and a correlation coefficient with IRI-C of 0.712.Conclusion The self-assessment questionnaire has a good reliability and validity and can be used for rating physician's empathy competence.