中药天然药物活性成分的研究方法

中药天然药物活性成分研究的早期方法盲目性大，耗时、费资。较新的研究方法有两种．第一种为活性指导下的靶向追踪分离方法，用这种方法研究了中药薤白中的活血化瘀活性成分，中药粉背薯芋、总合草苔虫及黑果黄皮中的抗癌活性成分。第二种为体内代谢方法，用此法对桑白皮中的平喘成分，及穿心莲内酯的体内代谢产物进行了研究。论述了中药天然药物活性成分研究面临的困难、改进方法的思考及展望。

The research methods for bioactivity of traditional Chinese medicines and natural medicinal herbs

The early methods for studying bioactivity of traditional Chinese medicines and natural medicinal herbs bore much blindness, and spent time and money. There are two relative new methods for the research. The 1st one is the bioactivity-guided isolation. Constituents in Allium macrostemon and their inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation were studied by the method. Bioactivity of Dioscorea hypoglauca against Pyricularia oryza, of Bugula neritina against tumor cell strains U937, HL-60 and K562, and cell cycle inhibitory activity and apoptosis induction of Heiguo huangpi were also studied by this method. The 2nd one is the method of metabolism in vivo. The antispastic metabolites of cortex mori were discovered by the method. And the metabolites in vivo of andrographolide were studied. The difficulties in studying bioactivity of traditional Chinese medicines and natural medicinal herbs and ideas of optimizing methods were discussed.