高脂饲料及维生素D3联合应用建立大鼠动脉粥样硬化模型

目的 建立适合于心血管疾病研究的大鼠动脉粥样硬化模型。方法 健康Wistar大鼠24只，雌雄各半，随机分为3组：高脂＋VD3组、高脂组、对照组。检测血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三脂（TG）、Ca^2＋，分离各组大鼠主动脉弓，置于10％中性福尔马林中固定，作HE染色及von Kossa染色。结果 试验后，高脂饲料＋VD3组及高脂饲料组血清TC、TG水平均明显升高，同对照组相比P〈0．01，高脂饲料＋VD3组血钙水平明显高于高脂饲料组和对照组。高脂饲料组可见大鼠主动脉壁管壁明显增厚，中膜平滑肌细胞增生；高脂饲料＋VD3组可见血管内较典型的动脉粥样斑块。von Kossa染色有大量黑色钙沉积于血管中膜。结论 用大剂量维生素D3腹腔注射，联合应用高脂饲料喂养的方法可建立理想的动脉粥样硬化模型。

Establishment of atherosclerotic rat model using large amount vitamin D3 and atherogenicdiet

Objective To establish a kind of rat atherosclerosis model suitable for research of cardiovascular disease. Methods Twenty-four healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: high lipid vitamin D_3 overload group,high lipid group and control group.Serum lipid,serum calcium were determined.Thoracic aortae were isolated and prepared for hematoxylin-eosin and Kossa stain.Results The levels of serum total cholesterol(TC) and triglyceride(TG)in hyperlipidemia vitamin D_3 group and hyperlipidemia group were obviously higher than those in control group(P<0.01).The level of serum calcium in hyperlipidemia vitamin D_3 group was obviously higher than those in control group and hyperlipidemia group(P<0.01).Typical mature atheromatous plaques(hematoxylin-eosin staining) and significant calcium deposited in the aortic intima and media(von Kossa staining) were presented in the rats' aortae of hyperlipidemia vitamin D_3 group.No typical atheromatous plaques except for the proliferation of smooth muscle cells appeared in the rats' aortae of hyperlipidemia group.Conclusions Ideal rat model for the study of atherosclerosis can be established by treating rats with celiac injection of large dose of vitamin D_3 accompanied by an atherogenic diet.