青少年饮食、运动及减肥相关行为调查

目的 了解北京市西城区青少年饮食、运动和减肥相关行为状况,为开展学校健康教育及健康促进活动提供依据。方法 采用青少年健康相关行为调查问卷对西城区9所中学共2007名学生进行问卷调查。结果 青少年经常喝软饮料、吃甜点心、吃西式快餐和吃油炸食物的比例分别为3.14%,31.04%,6.93%和7.47%;存在偏食行为的比例为41.49%;能够经常喝牛奶和每天吃早餐的比例为61.04%和73.32%。能够经常参加日常体育锻炼、参加中等强度体育运动、步行或骑车30min～的比例分别为60.46%,47.11%和56.60%;每天看电视/录像、做课外作业、玩电子游戏、上网时间>2h的比例分别为28.59%,68.57%,21.39%和21.27%。认为自己体重偏重的学生占43.00%,采取过减肥措施的比例为76.08%,认为自己偏重的学生中采取过呕吐、禁食、肥用减肥药品等减肥措施的比例分别为1.39%,3.71%,1.97%。结论 积极开展学校营养教育,加强学生体育锻炼,对培养学生良好的饮食和运动行为,促进学生健康有重要意义。

Diet, exercise and weight control behaviors among adolescents in Xicheng district, Beijing

Objective To understand the diet, exercise and weight control behaviors of adolescents in Xicbeng district of Beijing, and to provide evidence for school health education and promotion. Methods A risk behaviors questionnaire sur-vey was conducted among 2 007 students selectad from 9 middle schools. Results The proportions of having soft drinks, eating sweet food, having western-style fast food and eating fried food frequently were 3. 14%, 31.04%, 6. 93%, and 7.47% ,respectively. 41.49% of the students was used to choose specific food;61.04% drank milk frequently;73. 32% had breakfast every day. The proportions of participating daily physical exercises, moderate intensity physical exercises and walk-ing or riding for a time of 30 minutes or more continuously were 60. 46% ,47. 11% ,and 56. 60% ,respectively. The propor-tions of watching TV/video, doing homework, playing electronic games, and using intemet more than two hours per day were 28.59% ,68. 57% ,21.39%, and 21.27%, respectively. 43.00% of the students thought they were overweiht and 76. 08% took measures to lose weight. 1.39% of the students had vomitting;3.71% had history of fasting; 1.97% had his-tory of taking pill,powders or liquids to lose weight. Conclusion Nutrition education should be taken and physical exer-cise,healthy diet and exercise behaviors should be promoted among middle school students.