生物材料诱导细胞凋亡的研究进展

针对近些年生物材料诱导细胞凋亡的现象和机制的研究情况，从凋亡信号传导角度分类综述了生物材料诱导细胞凋亡的途径，包括传统信号传导途径、死亡受体途径、以及近年发现的线粒体途径，另外也论述了生物材料诱导活性氧产生而发生的凋亡和影响细胞黏附导致的细胞凋亡等途径，发现生物材料诱导的细胞凋亡产生的途径具有明显的多样性、交叉性和多途径同时作用的特点。本综述对于生物材料诱导细胞凋亡机制的深入研究特别是生物材料的研制具有重要的指导意义。此外也为生物材料广泛应用于人类疾病特别是应用于与细胞凋亡紧密相关的癌症治疗提供了借鉴。

Advances in Apoptosis Induced by Biomaterials

Biomedical materials are the biomaterials that used in physiological system for diagnosis, treatment, plerosis or replacement of tissues and organs. Apoptosis, also known as PCD or ACD, is a normal physiological mechanism of cell in organism and a process of automatic cell death in which multicell organism modulates the development of organism and maintains the stability of internal environment. The human beings are able to understand the interaction between the material and organism at the molecular level due to the widely-used biomedical material and the development of material science, life science and biological technology. The research of that interaction is mainly focused on biocompatibility, while much attention has been drawn to the apoptosis induced by biomaterial concerning that apoptosis could be caused by inducing factor, and many therapies of diseases are closely related to inducing apoptosis. Based on the recent research advances of apoptosis in life science and the development of biomaterials, the pathways of apoptosis induced by biomaterials were reviewed; from the different views, the pathways of signal transduction of apoptosis include traditional pathway of signal transduction, the pathway of death receptor, and the pathway through mitochondrion. By the other way, the pathways of apoptosis caused by reactive oxygen species induced by biomaterials and apoptosis by affecting cell adhesion to biomaterials and so forth were discussed also. It indicates that the pathways to apoptosis due to biomaterials possess the characteristics of variety, intercrossing and multiplicity. It is essential for a research to inquire into the mechanism of apoptosis that is induced by biomaterials, and further into the manufacturing of biomaterials. This review is devoted to shedding light on the wide application of biomaterials in the theraphy of human diseases, especially in the therapy of cancer that is closely related to apoptosis.