MEIA法测定HBV血清标志物的临床应用意义

目的通过与酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)的比较,了解微粒子酶免疫分析法(MEIA)对乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)血清标志物的检测性能。方法分别用MEIA法和ELISA法对HBV感染者的血清标志物(HBsAg、HBeAg、抗HBc和抗HBe)进行检测。结果1140例患者血清HBV标志物检测,MEIA法阳性率为:HBsAg94.00%,HBeAg46.75%,抗HBc97.96%,抗HBe61.41%;ELISA法阳性率为:HBsAg91.89%,HBeAg36.14%,抗HBc93.26%,抗HBe18.11%;MEIA法阳性率高于ELISA法,其中对HBeAg和抗HBe的检测,两种方法差异有高度显著性(P<0.01)。与MEIA法比较,ELISA法检测HBsAg的相对灵敏度达97.46%,抗HBc为94.93%,HBeAg为73.41%,抗HBe最低,为41.73%。对一些低滴度的HBeAg/抗HBe的HBV感染者,ELISA法检测可出现假阴性。结论对于血清HBV标志物的检测,MEIA法和ELISA法均有较高的特异性,但MEIA法敏感性优于ELISA法。

Clinical evaluation of MEIA method used in detecting serum HBV markers

Objective To study the sensitivity and specificity of microparticle enzyme immunoassay(MEIA) in the detection of serum HBV markers by comparing with ELISA.Methods ELISA and MEIA methods were used to detect HBV markers including HBsAg,HBeAg,Anti-HBc and Anti-HBe.Results In the detection of HBV markers of 1 140 patients' sera,the positive rates of HBsAg,HBeAg,Anti-HBc and Anti-HBe by MEIA and ELISA were 94.00%,46.75%,97.96%,61.41% and 91.89%,36.14%,93.26% and 18.11%,respectively.The positive rates of MEIA were higher than those of ELISA,and in the detection of HBeAg and Anti-HBe,there were significant differences between ELISA and MEIA(P<0.01).Compared with MEIA,ELISA had different relative sensitivities in detecting different markers,which were 97.46%(HBsAg),94.93%(Anti-HBc),73.41%(HBeAg) and 41.73%(Anti-HBe),respectively.Regarding HBV patients with low titers of HBeAg/Anti-HBe,ELISA could result in false negativity.Conclusion MEIA is more sensitive than ELISA in the detection of serum HBV markers.