三种HIV抗体初筛方法的比较

目的比较酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA法）、胶体金免疫层析法（GICA金标法）和胶体金免疫渗滤法（渗滤法）检测人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体的结果，了解这三种方法的优劣，探讨临床实验室初筛诊断HIV方法的灵敏性和准确性。方法对9725例血液样本用金标层析法、胶体金免疫渗滤法与ELISA法检测其HIV抗体。结果三种方法无1例漏检，其中以金标法假阳性率较高。结论三种方法均可适用于医学检测，金标层析法适合于急诊、流动采血点、基层单位的推广使用，而ELISA法适合于大中型医院HIV抗体筛查和艾滋病流行病学监测等。

Compare and Evaluate Three Primary Screening Methods for Detection of HIV Antibody

Objective To compare the results of HIV antibody detection by three primary screening methods： ELISA, GICA, and DIGFA, and evaluate the sensitivity, accuracy, advantage and shortcomings of the three methods. Methods Blood samples of 9725 cases of gold standard chromatography, immunogold filtration assay （filtration assay） and ELISA was used to detect HIV antibodies. Results 1 case of no missed three methods, of which the gold standard method false positive rate is higher. Conclusion The three methods can be applied to medical testing, gold standard chromatographic method for the emergency, the mobile blood collection point, promote the use of grass-roots units, and the ELISA method is suitable for medium-sized hospital epidemiology of HIV antibody screening and monitoring of AIDS.