异位妊娠相关的高危因素

异位妊娠是早期妊娠妇女死亡的首要原因,近几十年发病率有上升趋势。对异位妊娠相关高危因素的认识有助于早期诊断、治疗及预防该病的发生。国内外对其相关高危因素的研究主要包括：盆腔炎性疾病、腹部手术史、吸烟、既往异位妊娠史、不孕史、辅助生育技术、避孕方法失败、流产和年龄等。其中盆腔炎性疾病,输卵管手术史及吸烟为异位妊娠的三大主要高危因素。异位妊娠往往是一种或多种高危因素同时作用的结果。

Risk Factors for Ectopic Pregnancy

Ectopic pregnancy （EP） remains the leading cause of maternal mortality in the first trimester of pregnancy. The incidence of EP has been rising for several decades, so recognition of it＇s risk factors could help to facilitate early diagnosis, treatment and prevention. In the researches of our country and abroad, the associated risk factors for EP mainly include pelvic inflammatory diseases （PID）, previous abdominal surgeries, cigarette smoking, previous EP, a history of infertility, the use of assisted reproductive technique, the failure of contraception, abortion, and the the older maternal age et al. And while PID, previous tubal surgery and cigarette smoking are considerd to be the most common three risk factors. Yet, EP is always accompanied by one or more risk factors.