轻度认知损害和阿尔茨海默病患者脑电图改变与认知功能的关系

目的 探讨轻度认知损害(MCI)和阿尔茨海默病痴呆(DAT)患者脑电图改变与记忆和认知功能的关系,以及在阿尔茨海默病(AD)痴呆早期诊断中的意义.方法 140名正常老人、78名MCI患者和45名AD痴呆患者接受脑电图检查和神经心理测验,并计算δ波、θ波、α波和β波的相对功率.结果 与对照组相比,MCI和DAT患者存在较多(19.2%和37.6%)脑电图异常改变(调节凋幅差、慢波增加和快波减少);MCI患者前额叶和颞叶8波[(5.00±2.79)μV~2]和0波[(1.93±1.02)μV~2]功率高于对照组[(3.98±1.47)μV~2和(1.61±0.75)μV~2],DAT患者所有部位δ波[(5.52±2.54)μV~2和θ波(2.76±2.13)μV~2]功率高于对照组;在DAT组中,δ波和θ波功率增强与记忆(-0.388和-0.352)和认知功能(-0.339和-0.359)下降旱显著相关;EEG鉴别MCI和正常对照的归类止确率为63.4%,鉴别DAT和正常对照的归类止确率为73.5%.结论 EEG功率可能是预测认知功能减退和AD痴呆早期诊断的有用指标.

Relationship between EEG alteration and cognitive function in the patients with MCI and DAT

Objective To investigate relations between EEG changes and cognitive function, and early di-agnostically significance of EEG measures in Alzheimer s disease. Methods One hundred and forty controls, 78 patients with mild cognitive impairment ( MCI) and 45 dementia with Alzheimer' s type ( DAT) underwent neuropsychological and EEG investigations. The relative power was separately computed for delta, theta, alpha1, alpha2 beta 1, and beta 2 frequency bands. Results Comparing with normal controls, the MCI and DAT patients had higher( 19.2% and 37.6% ) EEG alterations ( poor regulation, increased slow-wave and decreased rapid-wave); delta (5.00 ±2.79) and theta (1.93 ±1.02) relative powers were increased in MCI patients on prefrontal and temporal and in DAT patients (5.52 ±2.54 and 2.76 ±2.13) on all sites as compared with controls (3.98 ± 1.47 and 1.61 ±0.75). In DAT, increased delta and theta powers were related to decreased performance on tests of memory ( -0.388 and -0.352) and cognition ( -0.339 and -0.359). The correct rate of EEG distinguishing between MCI and controls was equal to 63.4% , and between DAT and controls was equal to 73. 5%. Conclusion The EEG power measures might prove useful in predicting cognitive decline and in early diagnosis of AD dementia.