城市社区居民居家养老服务需求情况及其影响因素

目的了解某市居民对居家养老服务的需求情况及相关影响因素，为探索可行的、合理的社区居家养老服务模式提供参考．方法采用流行病学现况研究对该市社区居民的居家养老服务的需求情况及其影响因素进行调查．结果1200名调查者中，生活照料需求的平均得分为（4．82±1．99）（满分为19分），其中低于均数的占72．8％；医疗保健需求的平均得分为（1．99±1．35）（满分为7分），其中低于均数的占75．8％；精神文化需求的平均得分为（1．54±O．90）（满分为8分），其中低于均数的占96．2％．经过多重线性回归，发现企业职工以及独居老人的生活照料需求较高，企业职工、社会保障好、收入高、自理能力低的老人对于医疗保健需求较高，年龄低、文化程度高的老人对于精神文化需求较高（P〈0．05）．结论该市社区居民居家养老服务的需求总体上较低，需求受多种因素的影响，因此要充分考虑影响因素，才能更好地满足需求．建议在开展居家养老服务时，应根据服务对象的不同特点，提供多样化的社区服务．

A Study on Requirement and Influencing Factors of Home-based Care Services for the Residents of Urban Community

factors, so as to home-based care Objective To study the demand of home-based care services by the residents and its influencing provide scientific basis for community home-based care services mode. Method The demand of services by the residents and its influencing factors were investigated by epidemiologic prevalence survey. Results In 1200 survey participants, the average scores of living care demand, health care demand and spiritual demand were 4.82 ± 1.99, 1.99 ± 1.35, and 1.54 ± 0.90, as the perfect scores of these were 19 points, 7 points and 8 points, while 72.8%, 75.8% and 96.2% survey participants＇scores were below the average score.The aged who was enterprise worker and lived alone had more living care demand.The aged who was enterprise worker and had better social security, higher incomes, poorer self-care ability, had more health care demand.Younger and highly educated aged had more spiritual demand. Conclusions The demand of home-based care services in this city is generally low. The demand is influenced by many factors, so the influencing factors should be adequately considered. It is suggested that communities should provide different services for different aged groups because it can promote social development.