黄豆苷元对抑郁模型小鼠行为及海马DG区病理形态学影响

目的: 探讨黄豆苷元的抗抑郁作用及其机制。方法: 昆明种小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、氟西汀组(3.0 mg·kg^-1, ig)、黄豆苷元低、中、高剂量组(10,20,40 mg·kg^-1, ig),每组10只。给药组每日应激前1 h ig给药,共21 d。采用慢性不可预知性温和应激(CUMS)法建立抑郁小鼠模型,通过体重和旷场实验检测小鼠抑郁样行为;采用尼氏染色法检测海马DG区神经元病理形态学变化;TUNEL法检测神经元凋亡情况。结果: 与正常组比较,模型组小鼠出现明显的行为学异常,表现为体重减少(P<0.01);旷场实验水平运动及垂直运动得分减少(P<0.01,P<0.05);尼氏染色显示海马DG区神经元形态不规则,细胞分层不清;TUNEL法显示神经元凋亡数量增加(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,氟西汀组及黄豆苷元低、中、高剂量组小鼠行为学异常均有明显改善,小鼠体重增加(P<0.01),旷场实验水平运动及垂直运动得分增加(P<0.01);海马DG区神经元损伤性变化减轻;神经元凋亡率减少,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论: 黄豆苷元可能通过减少神经元凋亡改善CUMS抑郁模型小鼠行为学异常,产生抗抑郁作用。

Effects of Daidzein on Behavior and Pathological Morphology in Hippocampus DG Area in Mice Model of Depression

Objective: To investigate the antidepressant effects of daidzein and its possible mechanism. Method: Kunming mice were randomly divided into the normal group, the model group, the Fluoxetine group(3.0 mg·kg^-1) and the daidzein groups, 10 mice in each group. Low, middle and high dose of daidzein (10, 20, 40 mg·kg^-1)were administered. The depression model was established by chronic unpre dictable mild stress(CUMS), the body weight and times of grooming in the open field test were detected respectively. Mice in each group was gavaged before one hour of the daily stress. The normal group and the model group were given physiological saline for a total of 21days.The behavior changes of body mass were observed by open field test in mice, and apoptosis of hippocampal neural cell morphology and cell DG area in mice brain tissue were observed by Nissl staining and TUNEL method. Result: Compared with the normal group, the body weight of model group was reduced(P<0.01), the score of levels and vertical motion in the open field test were decreased in model group(P<0.01, P<0.05), hippocampus neural cells in DG area was showed irregularly by Nissl staining and the number of apoptotic cells were increased, the difference of statistical was significance(P<0.01).Compared with the model group, the behavior score was improved in the Fluoxetine group and each daidzein group, the body weights of mice were increased(P<0.01), the score of levels and vertical motion in the open field test were increased (P<0.01), the changes of hippocampus were reduced. Conclusion: Daidzein can improve the behavior anomalie in mice who were induced by CUMS and have neuroprotective effect. The mechanism may be related to improving the nerve cell apoptosis.