三维能量多普勒超声在老年人颈动脉狭窄诊断中的应用价值

目的 探讨三维能量多普勒超声(3D-PDI)在老年人颈动脉狭窄诊断中的应用价值.方法 72例老年高血压、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病、糖尿病、高脂血症经彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)检查诊断为颈动脉狭窄的患者,行自由臂模式3D-PDI检查,测量颈动脉狭窄的情况,并于1周内进行数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查,以DSA为颈动脉狭窄诊断的金标准,对3D-PDI诊断颈动脉狭窄的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值等进行分析. 结果 3D-PDI可直观显示狭窄区的立体形状,包括斑块大小、狭窄部位、血管腔大小及血流空间走行等征象.72例85条狭窄颈动脉,CDFI和3D-PD测得的内径狭窄率(分别为(49.2±0.7)oA和(52.3±0.3)%]比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).面积狭窄率分别为(53.2士0.7)%和(59.3士0.4)%]比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).3D-PDI和CDFI诊断颈动脉轻度、中度和重度狭窄敏感性分别为88.9%、100.0%、100.0%和100.O%、70.4%、58.1%,二者比较,差异有统计学意义(均为P<0.01);3D-PDI对中度和重度狭窄的敏感性好,准确性高,特异性较CDFI低. 结论 3D-PDI判断老年人颈动脉狭窄程度具有较高的敏感性和准确性,与DSA检查的结果较吻合,町作为老年人颈动脉狭窄诊断的重要手段之一.

Application value of three-dimensional power Doppler imaging in diagnosis of carotid artery stenosis in the elderly

Objective To evaluate the application value of three-dimensional power Doppler imaging(3D-PDI) in diagnosis of carotid artery stenosis in the elderly. Methods A total of 72 elderly patients with history of hypertension, coronary atheroselerosis, diabetes mellitus or hyperlipidemia were included in the study. The condition of carotid artery stenosis was examined by colour doppler flow imaging (CDFI), 3D-PDI in free-hand mode, and measured by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as a golden standard in 24 hours. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated, and all the results were compared with CDFI. Results 3D-PDI directly showed the stereo image, including surface character and exact position of plaque,volume of vessel lumen and spatial distribution of blood flow. Seventy two patients had 85 stenosis of carotid arteries. There was no statistical difference in diameter stenosis rate between CDFI and 3D-PDI (49.2±0.7)% vs. (52.3±0.3)%,P>0.05], and the area stenosis rate measured by 3D-PDI was significantly lower than by CDFI(53.24±0.7)% vs. (59.3±0.4)%, P<0.01]. In the diagnosis of stenosis classification, the diagnostic sensitivities of light, mild and severe stenosis were significantly different between CDFI(88.9%,100.0%,100.0%) and 3D-PDI(100.0%,70.4%,58.1%) all(P<0.01). The 3D-PDI was better in diagnostic sensitivity of mild and severe stenosis, but specificity was not better than CDFI. Conclusions 3D-PDI is an easy, convenient method with no-wound and good reproducibility in the diagnosis of carotid artery stenosis. It is more accurate than CDFI and similar to DSA.