住院成人高血压患者认知功能现状及影响因素分析

目的 调查住院成人高血压患者认知功能现状,并分析其影响因素。方法 采用一般情况调查表、北京版蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)对山东省某三甲医院心血管内科114名住院成人高血压患者进行问卷调查。结果 住院成人高血压患者MoCA总分为(24.37±2.69)分,认知功能障碍发生率为56.14%(64/114)。相关分析显示,住院成人高血压患者MoCA总分与年龄(r=-0.45)、尿素(r=-0.21)均呈显著负相关(P＜0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,受教育程度(β=0.23)是认知功能的保护因素(P＜0.05);年龄(β=-0.33)、高血压分级(β=-0.23)、脑卒中病史(β=-0.22)是认知功能的危险因素(P＜0.05)。结论 住院成人高血压患者认知功能障碍发生率较高,受教育程度、年龄、高血压分级、脑卒中病史是认知功能的影响因素。建议通过制定实施个性化的降压治疗方案有效控制高血压,预防或延缓住院成人高血压患者认知功能障碍的发生及发展。同时,应重视受教育程度对住院成人高血压患者认知功能的影响。

Analysis of status and influencing factors of cognitive function in adult inpatients with hypertension

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of cognitive function in adult inpatients with hypertension.Methods One hundred and fourteen adult inpatients with hypertension in the cardiology department of a tertiary hospital in Shandong province were selected and assessed with the general information questionnaire, Beijing version of the montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA). Results The total scores of MoCA in adult inpatients with hypertension was (24.37±2.69), and the incidence of cognitive dysfunction was 56.14% (64/114). Correlation analysis showed that the total score of MoCA in adult inpatients with hypertension was significantly negatively correlated with age (r=-0.45) and urea (r=-0.21) (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level (β=0.23) was a protective factor for cognitive function (P<0.05); age (β=-0.33), hypertension grade (β=-0.23), the history of stroke (β=-0.22) were the risk factors of cognitive function (P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of cognitive dysfunction in adult inpatients with hypertension was high. Educational level, age, hypertension grade, and stroke history were the influencing factors of cognitive function. It is suggested to develop and implement personalized anti-hypertensive treatment programs to effectively control hypertension, prevent or delay the occurrence and development of cognitive dysfunction in adult inpatients with hypertension. At the same time, attention should be paid to the impact of education on the cognitive function of adult inpatients with hypertension.