直肠癌新辅助放化疗敏感性预测进展

直肠癌是我国最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。近年来，直肠癌的新辅助放疗或放疗联合化疗及全直肠系膜切除的根治术已逐步成为治疗中下段进展期直肠癌的标准模式。目前已经有大量研究证实新辅助治疗的优点，但尚有一部分患者无法在其中受益。在新辅助放化疗前或其早期预测其敏感性，达到肿瘤的“个体化治疗”，目前在这方面已经进行了大量研究。本文将就预测新辅助治疗敏感性的进展进行综述。

Advances of prediction of sensitivity of rectal cancer in response to neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy

The rectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. Neoadjuvant radiation therapy （RT） alone or combined with chemotherapy （RCT） and total mesorectal excision （TME） have been established as a standard therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer in recent years. A number of clinical trials have demonstrated the benefit of neoadjuvant therapy. However, the response was poor in a few patients. The ability to predict response either before or in the early stages of treatment may permit tailored therapy for individual.