成都地区322例老年2型糖尿病患者合并症的调查分析

目的了解成都地区老年2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者的各种慢性并发症及其相关危险因素。方法分别选取成都地区三级甲等医院的住院患者82例，门诊患者126例和社区的老年T2DM患者114例作为研究对象，采用面对面一人一表问卷式调查方法进行T2DM慢性并发症的记录并进行相关的统计分析。结果成都地区老年T2DM患者各种慢性并发症中以高血压（54．04％）、糖尿病神经病变（54．66％）、糖尿病视网膜病变（59．00％）及皮肤症状（59．32％）为最高。其次为糖尿病合并血脂紊乱（41．93％）、心血管病（31．99％）、呼吸系统疾病（26．09％）、消化系统症状（24．84％）和肾脏病变（24．84％）。各种慢性并发症发病率随着年龄的增长、糖化血红蛋白的升高、病程的延长及舒张压的升高而呈上升的趋势。结论成都地区老年2型糖尿病患者各种慢性并发症的发病率已接近或部分超过两方国家的平均水平。而DM病程及血糖、血压、血脂控制水平等因素与各种慢性并发症的发生发展均密切相关，因此应加强对老年2型DM患者相关危险因素的综合控制。

Investigation on the complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in 322 aged patients in Chengdu

Objectives To investigate various kinds of chronic complications and their correlative risk factors in aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chengdu and to establish data for the clinical treatment and health status in the community. Methods Eighty-two cases from the in-patient department, 126 cases from the out-patients department of our hospital and 114 cases from the community with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected. Face-to-face questionnaire was applied to document the chronic complications in these patients. Results The highest incidences of diabetic complications are hypertension （54.04%）, diabetic neuropathy （54.66%）, diabetic retinopathy （59.00%） and skin symptom （59.32%）, following with hyperlipidemia （41.93%）, cardiovascular disease （31.99%）, respiratory disease （26.09%）, gastrointestinal disorders （24.84%） and renal lesions （24.84%）. The incidence of chronic complications correlates with the increase of age, HbAlc, the disease course and the diastolic blood pressure. Conclusions The incidence of chronic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chengdu approaches or partly exceeds the Hesperian average level, but it happens and develops closely related with the course of the disease, the control level ofblood glucose, blood pressure and blood lipid. Therefore, it is important to enhance the management of those correlative risk factors in aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in clinical practice.