早产儿视网膜病变高危因素分析

探讨早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）的发生情况及其危险因素。方法对孕周〈36周、出生体质量〈2000g的244例早产儿在4周时进行眼底检查。根据ROP国际诊断分期法进行诊断和分期。结果244例早产儿中患有不同程度ROP者49例（其中ROPI期37例，ROPⅡ期l0例，ROPⅢ期2例），ROP发生率为20．1％。孕周、出生体质量、吸氧、母亲妊娠并发症、酸中毒、呼吸暂停、PaO2的变化、机械通气及感染对ROP的发生具有明显影响（均P〈0．05）；且孕周越短、出生体质量越小，ROP发生率越高（均P〈0．05）。结论ROP的发生与孕周、出生体质量、吸氧、母亲妊娠并发症、酸中毒、呼吸暂停、Pa02变化及感染、机械通气等因素有关，其中孕周、出生体质量、吸氧、呼吸暂停是ROP的独立危险因素。

Analysis of risk factors of prenature retinopathy

Objective To analyze the incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).Methods 244 premature children 4 weeks after birth, which neonatal gestational age were ＜ 36 weeks, birth weight were ＜ 2 000g,were taken fundus examination.ROP stage at diagnosis, according to international law for the diagnosis and staging.Results 244 patients with varying degrees of premature children with ROP in 49 cases(including 37 cases of ROP Ⅰ ,ROPⅡ of the 10 cases,ROP Ⅲ 2 ,ROP rate was 20.1％.Gestational age,birth weight,oxygen,mother pregnancy complications,acidosis, apnea,PaO2 changes, mechanical ventilation and infection on the incidence of ROP had a significant effect (all P ＜ 0.05) ;and shorter gestational age, birth weight, smaller, ROP incidence higher(all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The incidence of ROP and gestational age, birth weight,oxygen, mother pregnancy complications, acidosis, apnea, PaO2 changes and infection, mechanical ventilation and other factors, and the gestational age, birth weight, oxygen, apnea were independent risk factors for ROP.