颈清扫术在临床Ⅰ期舌鳞状细胞癌患者中的疗效评价

目的探讨颈清扫在临床Ⅰ期（cT1NOM0期）舌鳞状细胞癌（简称鳞癌）治疗中的作用。方法回顾性分析1984年11月-1999年11月130例临床Ⅰ期舌活动部鳞癌患者的临床病理资料，该组患者的治疗方式以手术为主，3l例（23．8％）只行原发灶手术，99例行原发灶手术加颈清扫术，包括择区性颈清扫（Ⅰ-Ⅲ区或Ⅰ～Ⅳ区颈清扫）20例和全颈清扫（Ⅰ～Ⅴ区颈清扫）79例。结果术后病理证实颈清扫组的隐匿淋巴结率为12．0％（12／99）。全组病例随访5年以上，单纯行原发灶手术组、原发灶手术加择区性颈清扫组和原发灶手术加全颈清扫组的颈部控制失败率分别为25．8％（8／31）、15．0％（3／20）和7．6％（6／79）。单纯原发灶手术组和颈清扫组之间的颈部控制失败率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。3组手术后总体生存率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论颈清扫术可能提高临床Ⅰ期舌鳞癌患者的颈部控制率，本研究未能证实颈清扫术能降低其远处转移率以及能提高其生存率。是否需要对所有临床。

Value of elective neck dissection in patients with clinically stage Ⅰ squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue

OBJECTIVE: To determine the value of elective neck dissection in patients with clinically stage I (cT1N0M0) squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of patients with surgical treatment between November 1984 and November 1999. A total of 130 patients were included in the study, all of whom received operation of the primary site, meanwhile, 99 of whom underwent elective neck dissection simultaneously including level I -III or level I -IV neck dissection in 20 patients and level I - V neck dissection in 79 patients. Results Among all these patients, the rate of occult metastasis to the neck were 12. 0%. Local failure rate in patients with only local treatment, level I II, II, III/IV neck dissection and level I - V neck dissection were 25. 8%, 15. 0% and 7. 6% respectively. There were significant difference in regional failure between patients with only local treatment and patients with elective neck dissection (P < 0.05). Also, no significant differences were noted in the survival rate between patients with only local treatment, elective neck dissection (level I -III or level I -IV) and level I -V neck dissection (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Elective neck dissection significantly reduced regional control failure but was not able to reduce distant metastasis or increase the overall survival. A prospective randomized study is worthwhile to further evaluate the benefit of elective neck dissection in the treatment of clinically stage I squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue.