Therapy of MS |
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| Authors: | Reza Vosoughi Mark S. Freedman |
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| Affiliation: | The Ottawa Hospital, General Campus, Ottawa, Ont., Canada |
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| Abstract: | The era of disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) in multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment began in the 1990s, first with interferon-β (IFNβ), and the number of agents has increased steadily since then. Currently, there are six different parenteral formulations approved for MS treatment and many other oral and parenteral ones are in different stages of investigation or awaiting approval by federal agencies. |
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| Keywords: | AHSCT, autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ARR, absolute risk reduction BBB, blood-brain barrier CDMS, clinically definite multiple sclerosis CIS, clinically isolated syndrome CNS, central nervous system CHF, congestive heart failure DMD, disease-modifying drugs EAE, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis EBV, Epstein-barr virus EDSS, expanded disability status scale eod, every other day GA, glatiramer acetate G-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor Gd, gadolinium GdE, gadolinium-enhancing IFN, interferon IM = im, intramuscular IV = iv, intravenous LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction MIU, million international units MS, multiple sclerosis mAb, monoclonal antibody MBP, myelin basic protein mcg = μg, microgram MHC, major histocompatibility complex MOG, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein MSC, mesenchymal stem cell NAbs, neutralizing antibodies OCT, optic coherence tomography PLP, proteolipid protein PML, progressive multi-focal leukoencephalopathy PPMS, primary progressive multiple sclerosis qw, every week RRMS, relapsing&ndash remitting multiple sclerosis SC = sc, subcutaneous SPMS, secondary progressive multiple sclerosis tiw, three times a week TNF, tumor necrosis factor |
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