维持性血液透析中青年患者症状困扰与应对方式的调查研究

目的 探讨维持性血液透析中青年患者症状困扰与应对方式的现状,并分析两者相关性.方法 运用症状困扰量表、医学应对量表对96例维持性血液透析中青年患者进行调查,分析各种困扰症状发生率及各项应对方式得分,并分析患者症状困扰与应对方式的相关性.结果 中青年维持性血液透析患者各症状发生率为30.2%~88.5%;中青年维持性血液透析患者面对应对方式得分低于常模,屈服应对方式得分高于常模(P<0.05),而回避应对方式得分与常模比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);症状有无及困扰程度与面对应对方式得分呈负相关(P<0.05),与屈服应对方式得分呈正相关(P<0.05).结论 维持性血液透析中青年患者存在不同程度症状困扰,多采用屈服的应对方式,医务人员应根据患者的症状特点加强管理,积极引导患者采用积极应对方式以减轻症状困扰.

Investigation on symptom distress and coping style of young and middle-aged patients with maintenance hemodialysis

Objective To explore the present status of symptom distress and coping style in young and middle-aged patients with maintenance hemodialysis,and to analyze the correlation between them.Methods A survey was conducted in 96 young and middle-aged patients with maintenance hemodialysis using Dialysis Symptom Index(DSI) and Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire(MCMQ).The incidence rate of each distress symptom and the score of each coping style were analyzed,and the correlation between symptom distress and coping style was also analyzed.Results The incidence rates of all symptoms in young and middle-aged patients with maintenance hemodialysis ranged from 30.2% to 88.5%.The confrontation score in young and middle-aged patients with maintenance hemodialysis was lower than that in the norm,and the yield score was higher than that in the norm(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the avoidance score and the norm score(P>0.05).The symptom distress and its severity negatively correlated with the confrontation style score(P<0.05),and positively correlated with the yield style score(P<0.05).Conclusion Young and middle-aged patients with maintenance hemodialysis suffer from symptom distress with various severities and mainly use yield style.Medical staffs should strengthen the management according to the symptom characteristics of the patients,and actively provide a guidance for the patients to adopt a positive coping style in order to relieve the symptom distress.