某市2012-2015年流感监测结果分析

目的 掌握该市2012-2015年流感病毒感染者流行病学特征,为该市流感的防控工作提供科学依据.方法 通过中国流感监测信息系统统计2012-2015年该市两家哨点医院流行病学监测数据和网络实验室对两家哨点医院采集咽拭子标本的实时荧光聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测结果分析.结果 该市两家哨点医院2012-2015年门急诊病例就诊总数为789 229例,流感样病例数为29 005例(3.68％);该市疾病预防控制中心网络实验室2012-2015年共检测流感样病例标本5 793份,阳性率8.15％,其中季节性H3型占58.26％,Yamagata型占31.57％,新甲H1N1型占5.72％,B型占4.45％;不同年龄组阳性检出率,0～5岁组为6.26％,＞5 ～10岁组为11.16％,＞10 ～ 35岁组为8.87％,＞35～40岁组为4.23％,＞40岁组(10.66％);不同职业之间阳性检出率比较发现,学生组为10.04％,散居儿童组为6.03％;全年各月份均有检出,其中1月份和2月份检出数最高,7月份检出次之,5、6和11月份检出数较低;B型、Yamagata型和新甲H1N1型检出数主要集中在1-3月,季节性H3型在7、8、9和1月份检出数较高.结论 2012-2015年四种流感监测年度该市流感一般在冬季和夏季流行,病毒以B型、Yamagata型、季节性H3型和新甲H1N1型相互交替流行,在不同的月份流感优势毒株型别存在变化,在不同的年龄组和不同的职业中发病率有所区别,应进一步加强流感监测和数据分析工作.

Influenza monitoring results in a city of China from 2012 to 2015

Objective To master the epidemiological characteristics of flu virus infected in a city of China from 2012 to 2015,so as to provide a scientific basis for the control and prevention of influenza.Methods The influenza surveillance network was used to analyze the epidemiological surveillance data from two sentinel hospitals and the PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction) results of throat swab samples detection from network laboratory from 2012 to 2015.Results A total of 789229 cases of outpatient service were monitored in the city from 2012 to 2015,of which 29 005 influenza-like cases were found,accounting for 3.68％.A total of 5 793 throat swab samples were collected by network laboratory of the city's CDCs.PCR testing positive rate was 8.15 ％.Of the total,the seasonal H3 type,Yamagata type,the new H1 N1 type and B type accounted for 58.26％,31.57％,5.72％ and 4.45％,respectively.Positive detection rates of age groups of 0 to 5 years old,＞5 to 10 years old,＞ 10 to 35 years old,＞ 35 to 40 years old and ＞40 and above years old were 6.26％,11.16％,8.87％,4.23％ and 10.66％,respectively.Comparison between different professions found that positive detection rates of student group and scattered children group were 10.04％ and 6.03％,respectively.Flu virus was checked out in each month of the whole year,with the highest positive rates in January and February,followed by July and the lowest positive rates in May,June and November.Viruses of type B,Yamagata and new H1N1 were mainly found between January and March and that of seasonal H3 type in July,August,September and January.Conclusions The epidemic peaks of influenza were in winter and summer during the 4 years,and the dominant strains alternated among influenza type B,Yamagata,H3 and H1N1.Flu advantage poisonous strains changed in different months,and the incidences changed among different age groups and different professions,therefore,the influenza surveillance and data analysis should be further strengthened.